ft 


V 


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^(iajeVetef^K. 


Qemer/l  ^o^1>^A^(D(/^e. 


:.  M 


Confederate  Veterans, 


The  First  General  Reunion  of  Confederate  Veterans  and 

Citizens.  Generally,  Chattanooga,  Tennessee, 

July  3rd,  4th  and  5th,  1890. 

John  B.  Gordon,  Governor  of  Georgia,  who  is  the  General 
Commanding  the  United  Confederate  Veterans,  has  called  the  first 
Convention  of  the  same  in  Chattanooga  on  July  3rd,  1890  He  has 
also  extended  a  most  cordial  invitation  to  veterans  of  both  armies, 
and  to  citizens  of  the  Republic  to  participate  in  this  grand  reunion, 
and  in  the  ceremonies  of  the  3rd,  4th  and  5th. 

The  selection  of  Chattanooga  was  not  only  a  compliment  to 
our  people,  but  it  was  a  proper  recognition  of  the  importance  of 
this  city.  Here  are  the  world-famed  fields  of  Chickamauga,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge  and  the  poetic  "Battle  Above  the  Clouds."  In 
such  a  city,  and  on  the  natal  da\'  of  the  Republic,  only  tender 
memories  and  patriotic  emotions  can  prevail.  Surely  it  will  be  a 
demonstration  unequalled  since  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 

Chattanooga,  appreciating  how  much  is  expected  of  her,  has 
undertaken  a  programme  of  entertainments  that  will  make  every 
hour  of  the  three  days  an  unalloyed  delight.  To  fully  publish 
these  intentions  the  following  volume  is  prepared. 


601341 


FIRST  AXXUAL  COXVEXTIOX 


GKNERAL  ROBERT  E.  LEE. 


This  greatest  of  all  the  great  generals  of  the  late  civil  war 
was  the  son  of  the  celebrated  Revolutionary  officer,  "Light-horse 
Harry"  Lee.  and  was  born  January  19th,  1806,  in  Westmoreland 
county,  Virginia.  He  was  graduated  from  West  Point  in  1829, 
standing  second  in  a  class  of  46,  and  was  therefore  commissioned 
as  Second  Lieutenant  of  Engineers  He  was  possessed  of  remark- 
able talents  in  that  department. 

When  war  against  Mexico  was  declared  Captain  Lee  was  as- 
signed to  duty  under  General  Wool,  as  Chief  Engineer,  and  Gen- 
eral Scott  reported  that  to  his  engineering  skill,  and  qualities  as  a 
soldier,  was  the  army  indebted  for  the  speedy  fall  of  Vera  Cruz 
During  that  war  he  was  thrice  brevetted,  the  last  for  his  gallantry 
at  the  storming  of  Chapultepec.      He  was  then  Brevi-t-Colonel. 

Colonel  Lee  inherited  the  great  militar)-  qualities  of  his  bril- 
liant father.  Like  him  he  was  a  strict  disciplinarian,  as  well  as  a 
thorough  organizer,  and  his  skill,  zeal  and  vigilance  secured  him 
the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  commanding  officers  of  the  en- 
tire arm}'. 

In  1852  Colonel  Lee  was  appointed  Commandant  at  West 
Point,  and  remained  there  during  three  years      He  enlarged  the 

Southern  Pamphlet^ 
Bare  Book  Collection 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


course  of  studies,  adding  extended  instruction  in  engineering,  the 
construction  of  fortifications  and  of  roads  and  bridges.  He  also 
added  the  study  of  constitutional  and  international  law.  He 
recommended  the  extension  of  the  course  to  five  years,  which  was 
adopted  in  1S58. 

Three  days  after  \'irginia  withdrew  from  the  Union,  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Robert  E.  Lee  resigned  his  commission  in  the 
United  States  Army,  announcing  that  he  conscientiously  felt 
bound  by  the  action  of  his  State.      He  said  in  a  private  letter  : 

•'With  all  my  devotion  to  the  Union,  and  the  feeling  of  loyalty  and  duty 
of  an  American  citizen,  I  have  not  been  able  to  make  up  my  mind  to  raise  my  hand 
against  my  relatives,  my  children,  my  home." 

Such  was  the  character  of  the  man  whom  Mr.  Da\is  placed 
at  the  head  of  the  Confederate  Armies  when  Johnston  was 
wounded,  and  charged  him  with  "the  conduct  of  military  oper- 
ations in  the  armies  of  the  Confederacy,"  on  May  31st,  1862.  He 
had  been  commanding  the  armies  at  Richmond  "under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  President"  since  March  13th,  of  that  same  year. 

The  military  genius  illustrated  in  Lee's  handling  of  the 
"Army  of  Northern  Virginia"  is  not  excelled  by  that  de\-eloped 
in  Marlborough,  Bonaparte  or  Wellington.  Lord  W'olsel}',  who 
visited  him  in  1862,  wrote  as  follows:  "Lee  is  stamped  on  my 
memory  as  a  being  apart,  and  superior  to  all  others  in  his  way." 
He  was  respected  and  honored  by  his  corps  commanders,  and 
was  almost  worshiped  by  the  rank  and  file,  while  by  the  country 
at  large  he  was  adored.  He  was  respected  b\-  the  enemj'  from 
the  private  to  the  commander-in-chief,  and  to-day  not  a  breath  of 
bitterness  is  breathed  against  General  Lee's  memor}-  from  Labra- 
dor to  the  Rio  de  la  Bravo.  As  the  biographers  of  Lincoln  beau- 
tifully say,  "Lee's  handsome  presence  and  cordial  manner  en- 
deared him  to  his  associates,  and  made  friends  of  strangers  at  first 
sight."  It  need  scarcely  be  said,  then,  that  such  a  man  could 
readily  sink  self  in  an  inflexible  devotion  to  duty,  or  that  his 
mind  was  pure  and  his  character  upright. 

As  a  compliment  to  his  purit)'  of  heart  and  exaltation  of  soul, 
the  famous  college  at  Lexington,  \'a. ,  added  his  name  to  its  desig- 
nation, and  has  since  been  known  as  the  "Washington-Lee  L^ni- 
versity. "  How  exquisitely  appropriate  is  the  combination — the 
names  of  the  two  greatest  Americans  joined  in  an  institution  of 
learning. 

Just  be>-ond  the  rostrum  of  the  chapel  of  the  Washington-Lee 
University  is  the  pure  white  marble  Mausolem  of  the  great  soldier, 
visible  to  the  students  through  the  bronze  grating  that  encloses  the 
apartment.  And  from  that  reclining  statue,  sleeping  peacefully 
with  the  military  cloak  thrown  partially  o\er  the  body,  there 
comes  to  the  youth  of  the  South  inspirations  to  patriotic  conduct, 
promptings  to  every  duty,  and  encouragement  to  faithfulness  un- 
der all  circumstances.  Even  in  marble  this  wonderful  man  appears 
to  be  "a  being  apart,  and  superior  to  all  others."  One  involun- 
tarily lifts  his  hat  when  he  approaches  that  bronze  grating. 


FIRST  ANNUA!,  CONVENTION 


OROANIZATION 

-OF  THE 

UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS 


At  the  first  convention  of  Confederate  veterans,  held  in  the 
city  of  New  Orleans,  June  loth,  i88g,  for  the  purpose  of  organiz- 
ing a  National  Confederate  Veterans  Association,  the  following 
was  adopted  as 

THE    CONSTITUTION. 

Aticler  I.  The  objects  and  purposes  of  this  organization  will 
be  strictly  social,  literary,  historical  and  benevolent.  It  will  en- 
deavor to  unite  in  a  general  federation  all  associations  of  Confeder- 
ate Veterans,  Soldiers  and  Sailors,  now  in  existence  or  hereafter 
to  be  formed;  to  gather  authentic  data  for  an  impartial  history  of 
the  war  between  the  States;  to  preserve  relics  or  mementoes  of 
the  same;  to  cherish  the  ties  of  friendship  that  should  exist  among 
men  who  have  shared  common  dangers,  common  sufferings  and 
privations;  to  care  for  the  disabled,  and  extend  a  helping  hand  to 
the  needy;  to  protect  the  widows  and  the  orphans,  and  to  make 
and  preserve  a  record  of  the  services  of  every  member,  and  as  far 
as  possible  of  those  of  our  comrades  who  have  preceded  us  in 
eternity 

Art.  2.  The  officers  of  the  national  or  general  headquarters 
will  be  as  follows:  A  General,  a  Lieutenant-General,  an  Adju- 
tant-General, a  Quartermaster-General,  a  Commissary-General,  a 
Judge  Advocate-General,  a  Surgeon-General,  a  Chaplain,  and  such 
Aids  as  the  General  commanding  may  appoint. 

Each  State  ha\ing  five  or  more  camps,  bivouacs,  or  associa- 
tions, and  every  five  or  more  camps,  bivouacs  or  association  in 
contiguous  States,  shall  constitute  a  division,  which  will  be  officer- 
ed under  a  Major-General  and  a  staff"  similar  to  that  of  the  Gen- 
eral 

The  various  associations  shall  be  permitted  to  retain  their 
name  and  organization,  but  they  will  be  registered  in  numerical 
order  according  to  the  date  of  their  formation  or  incorporation 
into  the  United  Confederate  Veterans,  as  Camps  or  Bivouacs  No. 
of  the Division  of  the  State  or  States  of 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


The  associations,  camps  or  bi\'ouacs  may,  at  their  option, 
adopt  the  foUovvintj  nomenclature  for  the  officers,  viz:  Comman- 
der; first,  second  and  third  (or  more)  Lieutenant  Commanders, 
Adjutant,  Quartermaster,  Surgeon,  Chaplain,  and  Officer  of  the 
Day,  Assistant  Surgeon,  Treasurer,  Sergeant- Major,  Vidette,  a 
color  Sergeant  and  two  color  Guards;  and  define  their  duties. 

Art.  3.  The  representation  of  the  various  organizations  at 
the  annual  conventions  of  delegates  will  be  as  follows:  One  dele- 
gate for  every  fifty  member  in  good  standing,  and  one  additional 
for  a  fraction  of  twenty  or  more  members;  pro\ided,  that  the  or- 
ganizations having  not  less  than  twenty  members  in  good  standing 
on  their  rolls  shall  be  entitled  to  one  delegate. 

The  delegates  will  elect,  to  serve  for  one  year,  the  General, 
Lieutenant-General  and  the  Major-Generals,  in  their  respective 
divisions.  They  will  also  select  the  time  and  the  place  of  the  next 
annual  convention,  at  which  general  reunions  may  also  be  invited. 
By  a  two-thirds  vote  they  may  also  change  or  alter  such  articles  of 
the  Constitution  as  they  may  see  proper  to  amend. 

Art.  4.  The  delegates  will  adopt  a  general  seal  and  badge 
for  the  United  Confederate  Veterans.  The  Adjutant-General  will 
furnish,  upon  proper  requisition  of  the  camps,  bivouacs  or  associa- 
tions, blank  traveling  cards,  bearing  the  seal  of  the  Association  of 
United  Confederate  Veterans,  for  the  use  of  comrades  in  good 
standing,  the  same  to  be  countersigned  by  the  officers  authorized 
to  do  so. 

Art.  5.  Certificates  of  membership  in  the  Association  of 
United  Confederate  Veterans  will  be  issued  to  organizations  apply- 
ing for  admission  by  the  General  when  their  Constitution,  By- 
Laws  and  roll  of  members  has  been  examined  and  found  to  con- 
form with  the  requirement  of  this  Constitution.  A  fee  of  $5  shall 
accompany  such  applications,  which  fee  shall  be  placed  in  the  gen- 
eral treasury  of  the  Association.  Each  camp,  bi\ouac  or  organiza- 
tion, to  whom  a  certificate  is  issued,  and  belonging  to  this  Gen- 
eral Association,  shall  annually  on  the da\'  of  ,  file  with 

the   Adjtuant-General  a  true  and 

CORRECT    ROLL    OF    ITS    MEMBERS 

in  good  standing  on  that  date,  and  shall,  at  the  same  time,  pay 
into  the  general  treasurj-  the  sum  of  twenty-five  cents  per  capita  for 
each  member  shown  on  such  roll,  and  no  camp,  bivouac,  associa- 
tion or  organization,  shall  be  permitted  representation  in  a  general 
convention  of  the  United  Confederate  Veterans  until  the  said  camp, 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


bivouac,  association  or  organization,  shall  have  paid  said  annual  tax 
and  all  other  amounts  due  by  such  camp,  bivouac,  association  or  or- 
ganization 

Art.  6.  The  Generals  and  Major-Generals  shall  be  empow- 
ered to  appoint  their  respective  staffs,  and  the  first  General  elected 
under  this  Constitution  is  also  empowered  to  appoint  the  first  Lieu- 
tenant-General,  who  will  exercise  the  functions  of  General  in  case  of 
a  temporary  or  permanent  vacancy  in  that  office. 

Art.  7.  All  papers  and  documents  pertaining  to  General 
Headquarters  shall  be  forwarded  through  the  Di\ision  Headquar- 
ters for  \'erification  and  indorsement,  where  di\'ision  organization 
has  been  formed. 

Art.  8.  Ever)'  camp,  bivouac,  or  association,  will  be  ex- 
pected to  require  of  each  applicant  for  membership  satisfactory 
proof  of  honorable  service  and  discharge  in  the  Confederate  Army 
or  Navy. 

Art.  9,  Every  comrade  in  good  standing  will  be  privileged 
to  attend  the  meets  of  any  organization  belonging  to  the  United 
Confederate  Veterans,  and  receive  that  fraternal  consideration  that 
they  design  to  foster. 

Art.  10.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Division  Commanders 
and  their  staffs  to  aid  and  urge  the  formation  of  new  camps,  bi- 
vouacs, and  organizations  wherever  they  can  be  advantageously 
formed  within  their  jurisdiction. 

Art  II.  The  first  General  elected  under  this  Constitution  is 
empowered  to  issue  such  orders  for  the  good  of  the  organization  as 
circumstances  may,  in  his  judgement,  suggest,  co\ering  cases  not 
provided  for  in  this  Constitution. 

Art.  12.  Beyond  the  requirments  of  this  Constitution,  the 
various  organizations  shall  have  full  enjoyment  of  the  right  to  gov- 
ern themselves 

Art.  13.  Until  the  divisions  can  be  formed,  as  pro\'ided  for 
in  this  Constitution,  the  various  organizations  will  report  directly  to 
General  Headquarters 

Art.  14.  The  discussion  of  political  or  religious  subjects,  nor 
any  political  action  shall  be  permitted  within  the  organization  of  the 
United  Confederate  Veterans,  and  any  camp,  bivouac  or  associa- 
tion that  will  have  acted  in  violation  of  this  article  shall  be  declared 
to  ha\e  forfeited  its  membership  in  this  association. 


UNITED  CONFKDF.RATE  VETERANS. 


lOHN  B.  GORDON. 

General  John  H.  Gordon 
was  born  in  Upson  county, 
Georgia,  Feb.  6th,  1832. 
He  was  the  eldest  son  of 
a  Baptist  minister,  who 
was  respected  and  honored 
b}' that  denomination.  He 
•  was  educated  in  F"ranklin 
College — now  the  Univer- 
sity of  Georgia — at  Athens, 
and  studied  Jaw  as  a  pro- 
fession. 

When  the  civil  war  broke 
out  _\oung  Gordon  raised 
a  company,  which  bore  the 
euphonious  name  of  "Raccoon  Roughs,"  the  special  designation 
being  a  'coon  skin  cap  with  tail  hanging  down  the  back.  His 
success  as  a  soldier  was  phenomenal.  At  the  close  of  the  war 
he  was  a  Lieutenant-General. 

The  military  career  of  General  Cordon  is  full  of  thrilling  in- 
cidents, none  more  famous  than  his  onslaught,  in  May,  icS64,  when 
he  captured  the  commands  of  Sejmour  and  Shaler.  It  was  five 
days  after  that  brilliant  charge  that  the  memorable  scene  illus- 
trated on  the  cover  of  this  brochure  occurred.  The  Federals  had 
advanced  with  great  fury,  and  had  captured  Johnston  and  twenty 
pieces  of  artillerj',  with  nearly  three  thousand  men.  General  Lee 
had  hurried  to  the  front  to  lead  the  charge.  Gordon  seeing  his 
peril  cried  out,  "To  the  rear,  General  !"  and  the  cry  was  taken 
up  by  the  line. 

Gordon's  conduct  in  the  last  act  ot  the  terrible  drama  that  dur- 
ing four  \'ears  had  sacrificed  so  much  blood  and  treasure,  rendered 
his  militar}'  record  immortal.  In  March,  1865,  General  Lee  made 
his  last  offensive  demonstration  ;  it  failed.  Gordon's  Divisions 
fought  with  dauntless  courage  two  miles  south  of  Appomattox, 
and  dro\'e  the  enem\-  out  of  his  breastworks,  which  they  occu- 
pied. 

It  is  not  necessary  to  this  brief  sketch  to  relate  the  conclud- 
ing scene  of  that  famous  struggle  Suffice  it  to  say  that  Gen- 
eral Gordon  sent  word  to  Lee  that  the  enemy  was  dri\ing  his  line 
back.  Just  as  his  corps  was  forming  to  resist  Sheridan's  flank 
movement  a  flag  of  truce  appeared,  and  the  war  practicall)' ended. 
General  Gordon  entered  politics  soon  after  the  declaration 
of  peace,  and  was  a  candidate  for  the  gubernatorial  chair  of  his 
native  State  in  1868.  He  was  defeated  b}'  the  "Sharp  and  Quick" 
practices  of  the  friends  of  his  opponent,  Rufus  B.  Bullock.  In 
January,   1873,  he  was  elected  United  States  Senator,  and  was  re- 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


elected  in  1879       ^"  1880  he  resigned,  and  retired  to  private  life. 

In  1886  General  Gordon  was  elected  Governor  of  Georgia, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1889,  which  dignified  position  he  still  fills. 

The  Association  known  as  the  United  Confederate  Vet- 
erans was  organized  in  the  cit)'  of  New  Orleans  on  June  loth, 
1889,  and  General  John  B.  Gordon  was  unanimously  chosen  their 
first  General  Commanding. 

•  ® ^^)<^.- @' 

ADDRESS  OF  THE  GENERAL  COMMANDING. 

The  following  is  Gen  J  no.  B  Gordon's  address  to  the  United 
Confederate  Veterans  on  the  occasion  of  his  accepting  the  com- 
mand: 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  Sept.  3,  1889. 
To  the  ex-Soldiers  and  Sailors  of  t/te    Late  Confederate  States  of 

America: 

The  convention  of  delegates  from  the  different  states  which  as- 
sembled in  New  Orleans,  June  10,  1889, effected  a  general  organization 
designed  as  the ''United  Confederate  Veterans."  It  is  designed  as  an 
association  of  all  the  bodies  of  ex-Confederate  Veterans  and  Sailors 
throughout  the  Union.  The  convention  adopted  a  constitution  and 
did  me  the  great  honor  to  elect  me  General,  which  position  I  accept 
with  peculiar  gratification.  Preliminary'  to  the  issue  of  any  orders  I 
wish  to  call  general  attention  to  the 

OBJECTS    OF    THIS    ASSOCIATION 

and  to  enlist  in  their  accomplishment  the  active  co-operation  not 
only  of  every  survivor  of  Southern  armies,  but  also  that  large  con- 
tingent of  sons  of  veterans,  who,  too  young  to  have  received  the 
baptism  of  fire,  have  nevertheless  received  with  you  the  baptism  of 
suffering  and  sacrifice. 

The  first  article  of  the  constitution  of  the  association  declares: 
"The  object  ond  purpose  of  this  organization  will  be  strictly  social, 
literary,  historical  and  benevolent.  It  will  endeavor  to  unite  in  a 
general  federation  all  associations  of  the  Confederate  veterans,  sold- 
iers and  sailors  now  in  existence  or  hereafter  to  be  formed;  to  gath- 
er authentic  data  for  an  impartial  history  of  the  war  between  the 
states;  to  preserve  the  relics  or  mementoes  of  the  same;  to  cherish 
the  ties  of  friendship  that  should  exist  among  the  men  who  have 
shared  common  dangers,  common  suffering  and  privations;  to  care 
for  the  disabled  and  extend  a  helping  hand  to  the  needy;  to  protect 
the  widow  and  orphan  and  to  make  and  preserve  the  record  of  the 
services  of  every  member,  and  as  far  as  possible,  of  those  of  our 
comrades  who  have  preceded  us  in  eternity." 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


The  last  article  provides  that  neither  discussion  of  political  or 
religious  subjects  nor  any  political  action  shall  be  permitted  in  the 
organization  and  any  association  violating  that  provision  shall  forfeit 
its  membership 

GOOD  OBJECTS. 

Comrades,  no  argument  is  needed  to  secure  for  those  objects 
your  enthusiastic  indorsement.  They  have  burdened  your  thoughts 
for  many  years,  you  have  cherished  them  in  sorrow,  poverty  and 
humiliation.  In  the  face  of  misconstruction  you  have  held  them  in 
your  hearts  with  the  strength  of  religious  convictions.  No  mis- 
judgements can  defeat  your  peaceful  purposes  for  the  future.  Your 
aspirations  have  been  lifted  by  the  mere  force  and  urgency  of  sur- 
rounding conditions  to  a  plane  far  above  the  paltry  consideration  of 
partizan  triumphs,  the  honor  of  the  American  Republic,  the  just 
powers  of  the  federal  government,  the  equal  rights  of  states,  the  in- 
tegrity of  the  constitutional  union,  the  sanctions  of  law  and  the  en- 
forcement of  order  have  no  class  of  defenders  more  true  and  de- 
voted than  the  ex-soldiers  of  the  South  and  their  worthy  descend- 
ants. But  you  realize  the  great  truth  that  a  people  without  the 
memories  of  heroic  suffering  and  sacrifices  are 

A    PEOPLE    WITHOUT    A    HISTORY. 

To  cherish  such  memories  and  recall  such  a  past,  whether 
crowned  with  success  or  consecrated  in  defeat,  is  to  idealize  princi- 
ple and  strength  of  character,  intensify  love  of  country  and  convert 
defeat  and  disaster  into  pillars  of  support  for  future  manhood  and 
noble  womanhood.  Whether  the  Southern  people  under  their 
changed  conditions  may  ever  hope  to  witness  another  civilization 
which  shall  equal  that  which  began  with  their  Washington  and 
ended  with  their  Lee,  it  is  certainly  true  that  devotion  to  their 
glorious  past  is  not  only  the  surest  guarantee  of  future  progress  and 
the  holiest  bond  of  unity,  but  is  also  the  strongest  claim  they  can 
present  to  the  confidence  and  respect  of  the  other  sections  of  the 
Union. 

NON-POLITICAL. 

In  conclusion  I  beg  to  repeat,  in  substance  at  least,  a  few 
thoughts  recently  expressed  by  me  to  the  state  organization,  which 
apply  with  equal  force  to  this  general  brotherhood. 

It  is  political  in  no  sense  except  so  far  as  the  word  "political" 
is  as  a  synon\'m  of  the  word  "patriotic."  It  is  a  brotherhood  over 
which  the  genius  of  philantrophy  and  patriotism,  of  truth  and  of 
justice  will  preside;  of  philanthrophy,  because  it  will  succor  the  dis- 
abled, help  the  needy,  strengthen  the  weak  and  cheer  the  disconso- 


10  FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 

late;  of  patriotism,  because  it  will  cherish  the  past  glories  of  the 
dead  Confederacv  and  transmute  them  into  living  inspirations  for  fu- 
ture service  to  the  living  republic;  of  truth,  because  it  will  seek  to 
gather  and  preserve  as  witnesses  for  history  the  unimpeachable  facts 
which  shall  doom  falsehood  to  die  that  truth  may  live;  of  justice  be- 
cause it  will  cultivate  national  as  well  as  Southern  fraternity  and  will 
condemn  narrow  mindedness  and  prejudice  and  passion,  and  culti- 
vate that  broader,  higher,  nobler  sentiment,  which  would  write  on 
the  grave  of  every  soldier  who  fell  on  either  side:  "Here  lies  a  hero, 
a  martyr  to  the  right  as  his  conscience  conceived  it." 

GENERAL  ORGANIZATIOM. 

I  rejoice  that  a  general  organization  too  long  neglected  has 
been  at  last  perfected.  It  is  a  brotherhood  wliich  all  honorable  men 
must  approve  and  which  heaven  itself  will  bless.  I  call  upon  you 
therefore  to  organize  in  every  state  and  community  where  ex-Con- 
federates may  reside  and  rally  to  the  support  of  the  high  and  peace- 
ful objects  of  the  "United  Confederate  Veterans,"  and  move  for- 
ward until  by  the  power  of  organization  and  persistent  effort  your 
beneficient  and  christian  purposes  are  fully  accomplished. 

J.  B.  Gordon, 
General  Commanding. 

After  the  organization  of  the  association  at  the  New  Orleans 
convention,  and  the  adoption  of  the  foregoing  constitution,  Gov. 
John  B.  Gordon,  of  Georgia,  was  elected  General  Commanding,  and 
authorized  to  appoint  his  staff  which  was  done  under  the  following 
general  order. 


ORGANIZATION  OF  GENERAL  STAFF 

Jnited  Confederate  Vet 
Atlanta,  Ga.,    March  i,  1890. 


Headquarters  United  Confederate  Veterans,  \ 


General  Order  No.  2. — 

I  The  General  Commanding  announces  that  under  the  sixth 
article  of  the  Constitution,  adopted  at  New  Orleans,  La. ,  he  has  ap- 
pointed Fitzhugh  Lee,  of  Virginia,  Lieutenant-General  of  the 
United  Confederate  Veterans. 

2.  The  General  Commanding  further  announces  the  following 
staff  officers  to  serve  until  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service,    viz: 

Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff,  Clement  A.  Evans,  Georgia. 
Assistant-Adjutant-General,  Thos.  H.  Carter,  Virginia. 
Quartermaster-General,  Stephen  D.  Lee,  Mississippi. 
First  Assistant  Quartermaster-General,  W.  S.  Walker,  Florida. 
Second  Assistant  Quartermaster-General,  J.  F.  Shipp,  Tennessee. 
Inspector  General,  Robert  F.  Hoke,  North  Carolina. 


UNITED  CONFKDF.RATE  VKIEKANS. 


First  Assistant  Inspector-General,  Wright  Shaumberg,  Missouri. 

Second  Assistant  Inspector-General,  Thos.  G.  Jones,  Alabama. 

Judge  Advocates-General,  M.  C.  Butler,  ,So.  Carolina,  and  W.  B.  Bate,  Tenn. 

Assistant  Judge  Advocate-General,  W.  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Kentucky. 

Commissary  General,  Joseph  Wheeler,  Alabama. 

First  Assistant  Commissary-General,  W.  H.  Jackson,  Tennessee. 

Second  Assistant  Commissary-General,  J.  L.  McCoUum,   Tennessee. 

Surgeon-General,  Joseph  Jones,  M.  D.,  Louisiana. 

Assistant  Surgeon-General,  J.  S.  ToiKI,  M.  D.,  Georgia. 

Chaplaiii,  Rev.  R.  L.  Dabney,  Texas. 

AIDS    TO   THE   GENERAL   COMMANDING. 
Alfred  Scales,  N.  C,  J.  H.  Forney,  Ala., 

Basil  Duke,  Ky.,  Chas.  E.  Hooker,  Miss., 

W.  H.  Rogers,  La.,  Wm.  Elliot,  S.  C, 

P.  M.  B.  Young,  Ga.,  John  C.  Calhoun,  N.  Y.. 

James  Eagle,  Ark.,  John  W.  Daniel,  Va., 

F.  P.  Fleming,  Fla.,  J.  B.  Kershaw,  S.  C, 

E.  M.  Henry,  Va.,  Lawrence  S.  Ross,  Texas, 
R.  Q.  Mills,  Texas,  Chas.  M.  Hayes,  Miss., 
John  Milledge,  Ga.,  William  Bull,  Mo. 
Joseph  Hodgson,  Ala.,                             John  Haskell,  S.  C. 

F.  A.  Moses,  Tenn.,  E.  D.  Willett,  La., 
Chas.  Marshall,  Md.,  W.  A.  Wright,  Ga., 
W.  W.  Gordon,  Ga.,  J.  T.  Leslie,  Fla., 
J.  Stoddard,  Johnston,  Ky.,  H.  L.  Buck,  S.  C, 
Holmes  Conrad,  Va.,                                   C.  W.  Frazier,  Tenn., 
C.  C.  Jones,  Jr.,  Ga.,                                    S.  H.  Buck,  Ala., 

J.  A.  Chalaron,  La.,  D.  A.  Given,  La., 

A.  D.  Candler,  Ga.,  B.  T.  Johnson,  Md., 

W.  Miller  Owen,  La.,  Price  Williams,  Jr.,  Ala., 

W.  D.  Kyle,  Ala.,  Henry  K.  Douglas,  Md., 

Jno.  W.  Morton,  Tenn.,  Robert  Vance,  N.  C, 

Henry  G.  Muldrow,  Miss.,  John  O.  Waddell,  Ga., 

Thos.  F.  Perkins,  Tenn.,  Robert  Ransom,  N.  C. 

Geo.  Forrester.  Chicago.  F.  S.  Washington,  La 

Len  Jastrenski,  La.  C.  W.  Styles,  Texas 

G.  A.  Whitehead,  Ga. 

3.  \V.  H.  Harrison,  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  is  appointed  Secretary 
of  these  Headquarters  and  R.  N.  Hardeman,  the  treasurer  of  the 
State  of  Georgia,  is  designated  as  Treasurer  of  the  Confederate  Vet- 
erans, to  serve  until  the  ne.xt  meeting  of  the  association,  when  an 
election  can  be  held.  Other  announcements  of  staff  officers  will  be 
hereafter  made  in  general  order. 

4.  The  General  Commanding  cordially  and  earnestly  invites 
all  associations,  camps,  bivouacs,  and  other  organizations  of  Confed- 
erate survivors  or  veterans  to  unite  with  the  "United  Confederate 
Veterans"  in  accordance  with  the  Constitution,  a  cop\-  of  which  can 
be  had  on  application  to  these  headquarters.  He  feels  assured  that 
the  advantages  of  this  general  association  are  so  apparent  that  they 
require  no  argument,  and  that  the  fellowship  of  comrades,  who  have 
served  and  survix'ed  together  the  perils  of  the  Confederate  struggle, 
is  so  desirable  that  its  cordial  maintenance  will   demand  no   urginCT. 

Clement  A.  Ev.^ns,  J.  B.  Gordon, 

Adjutant-General.  .        General   Commanding. 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


The  following  general  order  No.  3,  was  issued  by  the  General 
Commanding,  on  February  20th,  and  distributed  to  the  various  or- 
ganizations by  circular,  and  was  also  printed  in  the  newspapers: 

CALL  FOR  THE  FIRST  CONVENTION. 

Headquarters  United  Confederate  Veterans,  \ 
Atlanta,  Ga. ,  February  20,   189O.      J 

General  Order  No.  3. — 

I.  The  General  Commanding  announces  that  the  First  An- 
nual Encampment  of  the  United  Confederate  Veterans  of  the 
United  States  will  be  held  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  on  the  3rd, 
4th  and  5th  days  of  next  July.  All  Confederate  organizations  and 
Confederate  Soldiers  of  all  arms,  grades  and  departments  are  cordial- 
ly invited  to  attend  this  First  General    Reunion  of   their  comrades. 

II.  Confederate  Soldiers  ever>'where  are  urged  to  form  them- 
selves into  local  associations  where  this  has  not  been  already  done; 
and  all  associations,  bi\ouacs,  camps,  and  other  Confederate  bodies 
are  earnestly  requested  to  unite  in  their  respective  States  in  a  State 
organization  without  dela}',  but  until  these  State  Divisions  are  thus 
formed  the  various  local  organizations  should  report  directly  to 
these   general  headquarters. 

III.  Business  of  great  importance  will  demand  careful  consid- 
eration during  this  First  Annual  Convention, — such  as  the  appro- 
priate form  of  general  organization;  the  best  method  of  securing  im- 
partial history;  the  benevolent  care  of  disabled,  destitute  or  aged 
veterans  and  the  widows  of  our  fallen  brothers-inarms;  the  fulfill- 
ment especially  of  a  sacred  duty  by  devising  efficient  plans  to  erect 
a  Monument  to  the  memory  of  Jefferson  Davis,  President  of  the 
Confederate  States  of  America,  and  other  matters  of  general  inter- 
est. 

IV.  The  following  general  programme  will  be  observed,  the 
details  of  which  will  be  hereafter  more  fully  published: 

1.  The  Business  Convention  will  assemble  at    10:30  A.    M., 

July  3rd. 

2.  The  4th  of  July  will  be  devoted  to  a  general  review  of  the 

United  Confederate  Veterans,  and  such  military  bod- 
ies as  will  take  part  in  the  Celebration  of  the  Anni- 
versary of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  Orations 
will  be  delivered  and  suitable  ceremonies  observed. 
Soldiers  of  the  Union  and  Confederate  Armies,  and 
citizens  of  the  Republic  generally,  are  invited  to  par- 
ticipate in  this  celebration. 


lnuku  confederate  veterans. 


3.  The  5th  of  July  will  be  occupied  with  visits  to  the  great 
Battlefields  around  Chattanooga — Missionary  Ridge, 
Lookout  Mountain,  and  Chickamauga — and  the  lo- 
cating of  Confederate  positions  taken  during  these 
several  battles. 

V.  Copies  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  Confederate  Vet- 
erans may  be  had  on  application  to  General  Clement  A.  Evans, 
Adjutant-General,  Atlanta,  Ga. ,  and  full  information  as  to  the 
quarters  assigned  to  various  commands,  and  all  other  details  of  the 
July  Encampment,  may  be  obtained  from  Col.  J.  F.  Shipp,  As- 
sistant Quartermaster-General,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

VI.  The  General  Commanding  respectfully  requests  the 
Press,  both  Daily  and  Weekly,  of  the  whole  country,  to  aid  the  pa- 
triotic and  benevolent  objects  of  the  United  Confederate  ^Veterans 
by  publication  of  these  General  Orders,  with  editorial  notices  of  the 
Organization  itself 

VII.  Officers  of  the  General  Staff  are  directed  to  assist  Divi- 
sion Commanders  in  organizing  their  respective  States;  to  give  infor- 
mation through  the  Press  concerning  the  general  association,  and 
generally  to  promote  the  complete  federation  of  all  Confederate  sur- 
vivors in  one  organization   under  the   Constitution   of  the   United 

Confederate  Veterans. 

By  order  of 

John  B.   Gordon, 

General  Commanding. 
Clement  A.   Evans, 

Adjt-  Gen  I  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

PREPARATIONS  FOR  THE  CONVENTION. 

After  the  promulgation  of  the  official  order  of  the  General 
Commanding  calling  the  convention  to  meet  in  Chattanooga,  the  fol- 
lowing action  was  taken  by  its  citizens : 

N.   B.    Forrest  Camp,    No.    3,   C.   V.,  1 
Ch.\ttanooga,  Feb.  21,  1890.       ) 

At  stated  meeting  of  this  Camp  the  following  action  was 
taken : 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  be  appointed  to  formulate  plans 
for  the  Reunion  of  the  Confederate  Veterans  which  takes  place  in 
this  city  July  3rd,  4th,  and  5th,  next. 

The  following  Veterans  were  appointed  as  this  committee: 
Joseph  F.  Shipp,  Tomlinson  Fort,  Laurence  T.  Dickinson,  J.  L. 
McCollum,  Robert  Hibbler,  Geo.  W.  Drake,  James  L.  Price  and 
Hugh  R.  Banks. 


14  FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 

The  committee,  together  with  with  a  number  of  other  citizens, 
met  at  Forrest  Camp  room  and  drew  up   the  following   petition   to 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce: 
To  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  City: 

Gentlemen — We,  the  undersigned  citizens,  verj'  respectfully 
request  that  your  honorable  body  at  your  regular  meeting  next 
Thursda)'  night,  the  23rd  inst. ,  join  with  us  in  a  petition  to  the  Mayor 
of  our  city  to  call  a  public  meeting  at  an  early  day  for  the  purpose  of 
taking  into  consideration  the  entertainment  of  the  Confederate  Vet- 
erans, who  will  meet  in  this  city,  July  3rd,  4th  and  5th  next. 

The  Chamber  of  Commerce  adopted  the  following  resolution  : 
Chamber  OF  Commerce,  Feb.  23th,  1890. 

Resolved,  That  this  chamber  request  Mayor  Hart  to  call  a  pub- 
lic meeting  of  citizens,  Tuesday  night,  March  4th,  to  prepare  plans 
for  receiving  and  entertaining  the  Confederate  Veterans  on  July 
3rd,  4th  and  5  th  next. 

THE  .mayor's  call. 

City  Hall,  Mayor's  Office, 
Chattanooga,    Ffb.  27,  1890 
A  mass  convention   of  the  citizens  of  Chattanooga  is  hereby 
called  to  meet  in  the  rooms  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce   Tuesday 
evening,  March  iith,  at  7:30  o'clock. 

This  meeting  is  called  to  appoint  committees  and  make  other 
necessary  arrangements  for  the  Confederate  Reunion  occurs  July  3rd, 
4th  and  5th  next. 

John  A.  Hart,  Mayor. 

The  convention  of  citizens  was  held  as  called  by  the  Mayor 
when  the  following  gentlemen  were  selected  as 

the  executive  committee: 

Joseph  F.  Shipp.  Webster  J.  Colburn. 

Laurence  T.  Dickinson.  Joab  L.  McCollum. 

William  O.  Peebles.  Garnett  Andrews. 

Adolph  S.  Ochs.  Tomlinson  Fort, 

Daniel  J.  O'Connell.  Isaac  B.  Merriam. 

Hiram  S.  Chamberlain.  Charles  F.  MuUer. 

John  A.  Hart.  Alonzo  G.  Sharp. 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS.  15 


HISTORICAL. 

A  BRIEF  HISTORY  OF  THE  EARLY  DAYS  OF  THE  CTTY-- 

MILITARY  OPERATIONS-GATEWAY  OF  THE 

CENTRAL  SOUTH. 

The  selection  of  Chattanooga  by  Gen.  Gordon  as  the  place 
for  the  first  meethig  of  the  United  Confederate  Veterans 
and  the  first  general  Reunion  of  all  ex-Confederate  soldiers  at 
this  time,  was  fitting  and  eminently  proper^  A  quarter  of  a  cen- 
tury ago  the  veterans  called  to  meet  here  in  July,  laid  down  their 
arms  after  having  participated  during  four  years  in  one  of  tlie  most 
sanguinary,  and  at  the  same  time  one  of  the  most  notable  struggles 
of  which  history  gives  any  record  ;  and  now  after  the  lapse  of  so 
long  a  time,  they  are  to  come  together  in  a  general  Reunion  on  the 
battlefields  about  Chattanooga,  made  historic  b\-  the  memorable 
battles  of  Chickamauga,  Lookout  Mountain,  and  Missionary 
Ridge.  Twenty-five  years  have  wrought  wonderful  changes 
since  the  boom  of  the  last  cannon  in  that  might}'  struggle,  and  it 
will  be  the  pleasure  of  the  veterans  to  celebrate  on  this  occasion 
the  grand  triumph  of  peace  as  well  as  to  renew  the  memories  of 
that  period  which  tried  their  dauntless  courage  and  pro\'ed  their 
love  of  liberty  and  their  devotion  to  their  native  land. 

CHATTANOOG.A. 

No  words  more  appropriate  or  eloquenth'  expressive  of  the 
thriving  city  could  be  written  than  those  of  Maj.  G.  C.  Connor  in 
the  opening  pages  of  his  "Guide  to  Chattanooga." 

"On  the  southern  bank  of  the  Tennessee  Ri\er  in  Hamilton 
County,  Tennessee,  at  the  mouth  of  a  valley  formed  by  Mission- 
ary Ridge  on  the  east,  and  Lookout  Mountain  on  the  west,  nestles 
the  city  of  Chattanooga,  famous  as  "Ross'  Landing"  when  the 
Cherokees  inhabited  the  surrounding  mountains,  and  with  its 
present  name  in  the  annals  oi  the  late  war  between  the  States. 

"Rising  1,700  feet  above  the  beautiful  Tennessee  River,  that 
for  miles  laves  the  streets  of  the  cit)-,  world-famed  Lookout  Moun- 
tain lifts  its  hoary  head,  its  'point'  of  sheer  and  solid  rock, 
standing  out  like  a  mighty  sentinel  to  guard  against  the  approach 
of  evil  influences  to  the  pretty  valleys   on   either  side.     Beyond 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


the  river  are  Raccoon  Mountain  and  Walden's  Ridge,  and 
through  the  chasm  which  separates  these  the  Tennessee  flows  out 
reluctantly  from  the  valley  in  which  it  has  lingered  to  plunge 
through  the  mountains  that  separate  us  from  Sequachee.  On  this 
side  the  river  is  the  abrupt  elevation  known  as  Cameron  Hill,  be- 
decked with  cottages,  and  around  its  base  spreads  out  the  giant 
city,  with  broad  avenues  that  are  reasonably  well  shaded,  with  its 
tall  spires  on  houses  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  God,  its  busy 
thoroughfares,  its  outreaching  arms  of  steel  on  which  trains  are 
■darting  hither  and  thither,  its  numerous  factories  whose  smoke 
hangs  over  them  like  a  veil,  and  its  pretty  houses  perched  upon  the 
eminences  that  range  around  the  business  quarter. 

"Chattanooga  is  peculiarly  located.  It  stands  at  the  apex  of 
an  inverted  triangle,  whose  diverging  lines  extend  into  the  far 
northeast  and  northwest.  The  mountain  walls  ward  off  the  colder 
blasts  of  winter,  while  they  form  a  tunnel  through  which  sweep 
from  the  opposite  direction,  the  cooling  breezes  of  summer. 
These  mountains  surrender  their  bosoms  to  early  fruit  raising — 
peaches,  grapes  and  strawberries,  and  to  early  vegetables  of  every 
name.  There  is  no  city  of  the  Union  more  attractively  surround- 
ed by  scenery,  or  more  liberally  provided  with  habitable  moun- 
tain tops." 

The  site  of  the  city  was  formerly  known  as  Ross'  Landing, 
and  after  the  removal  of  the  Cherokee  Indians,  to  whom  this 
whole  section  belonged,  which  followed  upon  the  treaty  made  by 
the  government  with  them  in  1835,  the  village  became  an  impor- 
tant trading  town,  its  location  with  reference  to  navigation  of  the 
Tennessee  river  and  to  the  peculiar  formation  of  the  mountains 
here  that  afforded  an  outlet  into  North  Georgia  and  Alabama,  ren- 
dering it  an  enterport  for  a  large  territory.  In  1837  a  post-office 
was  established  and  in  1838  the  name  was  changed  to  "Chat- 
tanooga."  a  traditional  name,  the  meaning  of  which  is  lost  in  antiq- 
uity, and  which  was  given  by  a  tribe  older  than  the  Cherokees 
to  the  valley  on  the  east  side  of  Lookout  Mountain. 

As  early  as  1828  steamboats  ran  between  Chattanooga 
and  Knoxville,  and  early  in  the  settlement  of  the  city,  there 
was  regular  communication  between  Chattanooga  and  New 
Orleans,  except  a  portage  of  forty  miles  around  the  muscle  shoals 
on  which  a  railroad  had  been  built,  and  which  was  operated  by 
horse  cars  between  Tuscumbia  and  Decatur,  Ala.  This  gave 
Chattanooga  an  opportunity  of  supplying  a  large  territory  with 
groceries  and  other  necessities  cheaper  than  could  be  furnished 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS.  17 

from  any  other  point,  and  gave  her  a  commanding  and  growing 
trade.  The  opening  of  the  muscle  shoals  canal,  built  by  the  gov- 
ernment at  a  cost  of  several  million  dollars,  and  which  impor- 
tant event  will  occur  this  )'car,  will  again  open  up  this  rich  sec- 
tion to  the  trade  of  Chattanooga,  and  again  afford  the  business 
men  and  manufacturers  navigation  to  New  Orleans. 

As  early  as  1850  the  importance  of  Chattanooga  as  an  iron 
center  was  recognized,  and  shortly  afterward  a  foundry  was  erected 
and  a  furnace  built  on  the  river  bank  near  the  bluff  east  of  Market 
street.  These  primiti\'e  concerns  were  the  starting  point  for  the 
magnificent  developement  which  subsequently  followed  and  which 
now  makes  Chattanooga  the  most  important  manufacturing  cen- 
ter in  the  South.  The  city  has  two  hundred  and  fifty  con- 
cerns employing  steam  in  manufacture,  and  each  day  records 
the  location  of  new  plants,  or  the  remodelling  and  enlarging  of 
old  ones. 

DURING    THE    WAR. 

When  the  great  civil  war  broke  out  Chattanooga  was  little 
better  than  a  straggling  village.  After  the  battle  of  Shiloh  it  be- 
came an  important  point  to  the  Confederate  forces,  and  here  was 
located  the  hospital  for  the  sick  and  wounded.  Following  upon 
the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson,  the  importance  of  this  place  as  a 
strategic  point  was  recognized.  Here  the  hospital  and  depot 
for  exchange  were  located,  as  well  as  the  base  of  supplies. 
When  Bragg  returned  to  Middle  Tennessee  in  the  last  weeks  of 
June,  1863,  Rosecrans  made  a  vigorous  movement  on  the  Confed- 
erate right  flank  which  compelled  Bragg  to  fall  rapidly  back  from 
Shelbyville  upon  Chattanooga,  the  natural  gateway  from  Tennes- 
see to  the  Atlantic  coast.  Rosecrans  halted  at  McMinnville  and 
Winchester,  and  awaited  Burnside's  march  against  Knoxville. 
Bragg  reached  Chattanooga  on  July  7th,  and  Rosecrans  reached 
Bridgeport,  the  railroad  crossing  of  the  Tennessee,  on  August 
29th. 

In  the  autumn  following  were  fought  the  blood)'  battles  of 
Wauhatchie,  Lookout  Mountain,  Chickamauga  and  Missionary 
Ridge,  the  Confederates  fighting  with  rare  courage  and  bravery 
against  desperate  odds  to  maintain  this  Key  to  the  South.  The 
result  of  these  battles  was  disastrous  to  the  Southern  arms  not- 
withstanding the  brilliant  victory  at  Chickamauga,  and  then  be- 
gan the  si.xty  days  retreat  to  Atlanta.  These  noted  battles  will 
pass  into  history  as  the  hardest  fought  and  most  important  of  the 
w-ar,   and  the  valor  and    heroism    displayed  by  the  Confederate 


18  FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


troops  as  well  as  the  intrepid  courage  of  the  Federals  will  be  read 
in  the  future  generations  in  proof  of  the  greatness  and  prowess  of 
American  soldierv. 

POINTS  OF    WAR    INTEREST. 

The  march  of  progress  and  the  growth  and  developmtnt  of 
Chattanooga,  have  happily  well  nigh  obliterated  all  of  the  evi- 
dences of  the  great  struggles.  The  earth  works  of  Fort  Wood, 
Fort  Negley  and  Cameron  Hill  have  been  nearh-  all  buried,  and 
as  another  has  well  said,  the  old  war  reservoir  "has  turned  to 
dust." 

"Department  headquarters  established  by  Gen.  Rosecransand 
continued  by  Gen.  Thomas,  is  now  at  316  Walnut  street, 
and  it  was  there  Thomas  welcomed  Grant  on  October  23,  1863. 
There  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  was  planned  by  Grant, 
Thomas  and  Sherman.  At  302  Walnut  street  was  the  office  of 
the  adjutant  general,  and  at  326  Walnut  was  the  headquarters  of 
the  chief  of  artillery,  Gen.  Brannan.  Around  the  corner  on  First 
street  from  Walnut,  at  No.  1 10,  was  Sherman's  headquarters.  At 
19  East  Fourth  street  was  the  office  of  the  provost  marshal  gener- 
al of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  These  buildings  have  been 
but  slightly  changed  since  the  days  of  their  military  occupancy. 

"The  removal  of  the  heavy  forest  growth  'rom  Cameron  Hill, 
and  from  various  parts  of  the  city,  changes  the  aspect  from  what 
was  seen  by  the  Confederates  when  they  evacuated,  and  by  the 
Army  of  Cumberland  immediately  after  the  disaster  at  Chicka- 
mauga,  and  only  certain  buildings  remain  as  landmarks  of  forts 
and  hospital?.  Ex-Confederates  will  remember  the  residence  as 
the  headquarters  of  Gen.  Bragg,  and  the  large  building  and  fine 
grounds  on  the  corner  of  Pine  and  Sixth  as  the  headquarters  of 
Gen.  D.  H  Hill.  This  was  Gen.  McPherson's  headquarters  in 
Federal  da\-s." 

The  old  building  at  the  southwest  corner  of  F"ourth  and  Mar- 
ket streets,  built  in  1840,  and  used  during  the  war  by  Confeder- 
ates and  Federals  as  a  prison  and  military  offices,  still  stands. 
Its  walls  are  seamed,  battered  and  bolted,  and  its  appearance 
that  of  a  relic  of  antiquity.  It  is  now  used  as  a  city  hall,  where 
are  located  the  police  department  and  the  city  offices. 

PKEStNT    CHATTANOOGA. 

So  great  has  been  the  improvement  and  so  rapid  the  growth 
of  Chattanooga  since  the  war,  that  the  visiting  veterans  who  have 
not  been  here  since  they  left  in  1863  will  find  it  difficult  to  recog- 
nize in  the  present  beautiful  city  of  50,000  people,  with  its    hand- 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


some  Structures,  beautiful  churches,  and  wonderful  progress,  its 
hundreds  of  shops,  factories  and  furnaces,  the  battle-stormed, 
straggling  \'illage  of  tumble  down  shanties  that  remained  at  the 
closeof  hostitities. 

Notwithstanding  its  favorable  location  for  a  great  city,  the 
town  had  a  very  slow  growth  up  to  i8So,  and  the  result  was  ex- 
ceeding doubtful.  But  during  the  year  1880  numerous  enter- 
prises were  set  on  foot  _that'  promised  much  for  the  future  city; 
men  who  had  returned  from  the  war  to  their  homes  impoverished 
and  disheartened  began  to  reap  some  of  the  benefits  of  their  pluck 
and  energy.  The  population,  composed  of  young  men  full  of  life 
and  vigor,  received  substantial  additions  from  all  over  the  country, 
and  business  began  to  receive  a  stimulus  that  cheered  and  en- 
couraged the  sterling  men  who  planted  their  faith  in  the  place  and 
stood  b)-  it  in  every  vicissitude  and  in  every  trouble. 

In  1887  a  great  wave  of  prosperity  swept  over  the  city  and 
the  appreciation  of  the  value  of  real  estate,  the  influx  of  money 
sent  here  by  shrewd  investors  who  saw  the  coming  tide  of  devel- 
opment destined  for  the  section  of  which  Chattanooga  is  the  cen- 
ter, give  all  lines  of  business  a  bound  forward  that  put  the  city's 
future  greatness  beyond  all  question  of  doubt.  Now  it  is  only  a 
matter  of  a  very  short  time  until  this  city  shall  become  the  me- 
tropolis of  the  Central  South. 

Nine  trunk  lines  of  railroad  now  enter  the  city  from  every 
point  of  the  compass,  and  others  are  being  projected  that  will  make 
it  the  railroad  center  of  the  South. 

The  city  is  noted  for  its  handsome  churches  and  its  commodi- 
ous school  buildmgs,  and  it  can  boast  of  having  all  the  com- 
forts and  conveniences  of  larger  cities. 

By  means  of  a  steam  dummy  railroad  that  runs  to  e\er\'  im- 
portant suburb,  electric  railroads  and  horse  cars,  every  point  of 
historic  interest  can  be  reached  with  ease  and  comfort  and  at 
small  cost. 

Historic  Lookout  Mountain,  now  covered  with  hundreds  of 
residences,  and  spacious  hotels,  can  be  easil\'  and  speedil}'  reached 
either  b}-  the  standard  guage  railroad,  or  by  electric  cars  and  the 
cable  incline  and  narrow  guage. 

Missionary'  Ridge  ma}'  be  reached  by  dunini}'  and  electric 
cars,  and  \"ou  can  ascend  to  the  summit  on  electric  cirs. 

The  field  of  Chickamauga  is  reached  by  the  Chattanooga, 
Rome  &  Columbus  railroad,  which  will  run  special  trains  for  the 
accommodation  of  \isitors  during  the  Reunion. 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


CONFEDERATE  CEMETERY. 

While  the  war  was  waging  the  Confederate  Cemetery  was 
established  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  city  burial  ground.  It  is 
properly  enclosed,  has  necessary  drives,  and  near  to  its  center 
stands  the  modest  monument  reared  by  the  devoted  women  who 
composed  the  Confederate  Memorial  Association.  There  sleep 
thousands  who  wore  the  gre\',  beneath  the  shade  of  weeping  wil- 
lows, in  narrow  homes  unmarked.  Above  them  rises  a  monu- 
ment, with  a  shaft  thirty  feet  in  height  placed  upon  the  highest 
spot  in  the  enclosure.  It  bears  this  simple  inscription,  "Our 
Confederate  Dead."  Mrs.  G.  C.  Connor  was  president  of  the 
association  of  ladies  who  built  it,  and  Mr.  W.  U.  Van  Dyke,  now  at 
rest,  was  their  treasurer.  United  States  troops,  with  Capt.  Coch- 
ran at  their  head,  entered  the  cemeter>'  with  reversed  arms,  the 
band  of  his  regiment  (Col.  Wheaton's)  preceding  them  playing  the 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS.  21 


Dead  March  from  Saul,  and  participated  in  tiic  laj-ini;  of  tlie  cor- 
ner stone,  which  was  done  by  Hon.  Jas.  D.  Richardson,  then 
Grand  Master  of  Freemasons,  and  now  member  of  Congress. 

The  refusal  of  Government  to  appropriate  money  to  mark 
the  resting  places  of  her  brave  sons  who  wore  the  grey,  deprives 
the  dwellers  in  this  beautiful  City  of  the  Dead  of  marble  memori- 
als !  But  though  their  ashes  beneath  that  green  sward  sleep 
unmarked  their  heroic  deeds  are  engraven  in  the  hearts  of  those 
who  survive  them.  Their  names  are  recorded  on  the  scrolls  of 
that  invisible  Republic  that  will  endure  forever. 

THE    N.^TIONAL    CEMETERY. 

On  the  gentle  slopes  of  the  eminence  out  near  Missionary 
Ridge,  with  the  flag  floating  from  its  summit,  is  the  exquisitely 
beautiful  National  Cemetery.  It  is  the  resting  place  of  13,000 
soldiers  of  the  Union  armies,  that  died  in  these  now  peaceful 
valleys. 

This  cemetery  is  nearl)-  one  mile  in  circumference,  and  con- 
tains 75)^  acres.  In  the  center  rises  a  knoll  fully  one  hundred  feet 
above  the  lower  avenues.  The  sward  is  luxurious  blue  grass.  It 
is  thoroughly  shaded,  and  ornamented  with  roses,  shrubs  and 
trailing  vines  On  these  verdant  slopes  are  nineteen  special  inter- 
ment sections,  each  marked  by  a  small  granite  obelisk,  and  lettered 
A  to  S ;  and  these  are  surrounded  by  the  small  white  marble  head 
and  foot  stones.  These  sections  are  of  different  forms,  in  the  ar- 
rangement of  the  graves,  some  forming  triangles,  others  oblongs, 
others  squares,  others  parallelograms,  and  others  circles,  while 
section  E  forms  a  shield. 

After  the  manner  of  the  National  Cemeteries  a  rostrum  is 
reared  upon  a  brick  foundation,  situated  on  the  dome  of  the  emi- 
nence. This  brick  rostrum  is  40  x  20  feet  area,  and  5  feet  high, 
with  handsome  cut  stone  coping  and  an  interior  carpet  of  velvety 
grass.  An  open  roof  of  purloins  and  joists  is  supported  by  12 
square  pillars,  and  these  are  covered  with  the  ivy,  woodbine  and 
climbing  vines  so  plentifully  planted  around  the  base.  Surround- 
ing this  rostrum  is  a  close  shaven  lawn,  dotted  with  trees  and 
shrubs,  on  which  stand  on  end  four  immense  cannons. 


22 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


THE    BATTLE-FIELDS. 

Tlie  three  battles  of  the  war  between  the  States  which  have 
made  this  section  famous  are — in  the  order  of  their  occurence — 
the  Battle  of  Lookout  Mountain,  the  Battle  of  Chickaniauga.  and 
the  Battle  of  Missionary  Ridge.  We  will  attempt  brief  outlines 
only. 

"^^^  lAMES  LONGSTREET. 

General  James  Longstreet 
was  born  in  Edgefield  District, 
S.  C,  January  8th,  1821.  When 
but  ten  years  of  age  his  mother 
removed  to  Alabama.  From 
that  State  he  was  sent  to  West 
Point  in  1838.  He  was  grad- 
uated in  1842,  and  assigned  to 
the  Fourth  Infantry  as  Second 
Lieutenant. 

He  was  promoted   to   First 

Lieutenant    while     serving     on 

-Iwi^s?-  fi-ontier  duty  in  Texas,   and   in 

the    Mexican    War    was    twice 

brevetted,    the    latter  to  a    Major  for    gallant  conduct  at  Melino 

del  Rey.      He  was  severely  wounded  at  Chapultepec. 

Captain  James  Longstreet  resigned  his  commission  in  the 
United  States  Army  June  ist,  1861,  and  entered  the  Confederate 
service  as  a  Brigadier-General.  Because  of  his  brilliant  conduct  at 
Manassas  he  was  entrusted  with  the  command  of  the  rear  guard  on 
the  retreat  from  Yorktown.      He  was  then  Major-General. 

Longstreet  won  imperishable  laurels  in  the  '  'Seven  Days  Bat- 
tles" around  Richmond — at  Bull  Run  and  at  Fredericksburg. 

After  Gett\sburg  Longstreet  was  sent  to  reinforce  Bragg.  He 
took  a  prominent  part  in  sanguinary  Chickamauga.  After  Chick- 
amauga  he  was  sent  on  the  unfortunate  expedition  against  Knox- 
ville.  Returning  to  Lee  he  was  wounded  in  the  Battle  of  the 
Wilderness.      Longstreet  was  at  Appomattox. 

After  the  declaration  of  peace  General  Longstreet  went  to  live 
in  New  Orleans,  where  he  was  appointed  Surveyor  of  the  Port  by 
Grant ;  then  Postmaster,  and  afterwards  Minister  to  Turkey  by 
Hayes.  He  was  appointed  United  States  Marshal  for  the  North- 
ern District  of  Georgia  by  Garfield.  He  now  resides  at  Gaines- 
ville, Ga.,  in  good  healtli,  considering  that  he  is   in   his   70th  year. 


BATTLE    OF    CHICKAMAUGA. 

On  the  Sth  of  September,  1863,  General  Braxton  Bragg,  having  discovered  that 
the  Federal  army  threatened  his  left  and  rear,  evacuated  Chattanooga.     General 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS,  23 

RoBCcrans  undiTtook  tlic  pursuit  of  the  Con  federates,  iiml  when  this  movement 
began  Brafrs  attempted  to  throw  his  forces  between  the  main  Federal  armv  and  the 
garrison  of  I'hattanooga.  On  the  l^ith  of  September  both  armies  stood  >,'laring  at  each 
other  on  tlie  banks  of  the  CliickamaiiKa  murky  "River  of  Death."  Bragg  had 
received  reinforcements  from  the  Army  of  Virginia,  inuler  Longstreet. 

On  tile  18tli  tliere  was  considerable  skirmisliing  and  mann'uvering  for  position 
and  on  tlie  l!Hh  the  storm  burst  with  pitiless  fury.  By  10  A.  M.  tlie  engagement  was 
general.  Until  late  in  the  afternoon  the  contiiet  raged,  when  suddenly  an  ominous 
lull  fell  upon  the  dead,  the  dying  and  the  weary.  Not  a  gun  was  heard  for  over  an 
hour.  Rosecrans  was  deceived  into  the  belief  that  his  foe  had  been  sufficiently 
punished  for  one  day,  and  at  once  began  the  execution  of  strategic  movements. 
Scarcely  had  the  hour  ended  when  a  furious  charge  of  the  Confederates  threw  the 
Federal  lines  into  disorder,  and  had  it  not  been  for  the  twenty  guns  of  Hazen.  on  the 
Rossville  road,  the  day  would  have  closed  with  an  overH-helming  and  destructive 
victory  for  the  Confederates.  The  galling  enfilading  fire  of  this  artillery  stojiped  the 
Confederates  a.s  the  sun  went  down  beyond  distant  Lookout. 

When  darkness  enveloped  the  bloody  scene,  arrangement*  were  made  for  burving 
tlie  dead  and  caring  for  the  wounded  by  both  sides.  Bragg  reformed  his  lines  soon 
after  nightfall,  and  placed  them  in  direct  command  of  Polk,  on  the  right,  with  five 
divisions,  and  Longstreet,  on  the  left,  with  six  divisions.  Bragg  onlered  Polk  to 
strike  at  dawn  on  the  following  morning,  but  Polk  diil  not  begin  the  execntino-  of 
Bragg's  order  vnitil  nearly  9  o'clock,  a  delay  which  cost  him  his  command.  When 
he  began  the  assault  the  entire  line  was  cjuickly  involved.  Back  went  the  Con- 
federate right,  but  almost  instantly  ralUed.  Charge  after  charge  attested  the  heroism 
of  the  combatants.  The  onslaught  tm  the  F"ederal  left  ceased  when  the  irresistible 
charges  of  the  Confederates  broke  their  center.  Then,  it  is  said,  Rosecrans  telegraphed 
to  Washington  that  his  army  was  defeated. 

Thomas  maintained  his  ground  and  withstood  the  charges  of  the  Confederates, 
now  flushed  with  victory.  "  Like  a  lion  at  bay  he  repulsed  the  terrible  onslaughts 
of  the  enemy"  on  the  knoll  above  the  Snodgra.ss  House,  where  he  had  ordered  the 
artillery  massed  to  make  his  last  stand.  Strong  lines  of  infantry,  commanded  by 
Brannan  and  Steadman,  skirted  this  elevated  spot,  which  resisted  the  almost 
unparalleled  assaults  on  their  front  and  Hanks.  As  the  sun  began  to  go  down 
behind  tlie  tall  pines  on  that  Sabbath  afternoon,  the  storm  burst  anew  around  the 
Snodgrass  knoll.  Charge  after  charge  was  repelled  with  terrible  slaughter  to  both 
sides.  The  dead  lay  in  heaps  along  the  green  slo|)es,  and  the  groans  of  the 
wounded  rent  the  air  as  darkness  enveloped  the  enraged  combatants,  and  Thomas 
began  his  retreat  to  Rossville,  leaving  the  field  and  most  of  his  dead  and  wounded 
in  possession  of  the  Confederates. 

Vo].  Archer  Anderson  thus  estimates  the  relative  strength  of  the  two  armies  : 
"From  an  examination  of  the  original  returns  in  the  War  Department,  I  reckon,  in 
round  numbers,  the  Federal  infantry  and  artillery  on  the  field  at  fifty-nine  thousand, 
and  the  Confederate'  infantry  and  artillery  at  fifty-five  thousand.  The  Federal 
cavalry,  about  ten  thousand  strong,  was  outnumbered  by  the  Confederates  by  a 
thousand  men.  Thus  speak  the  returns.  Perhaps  a  deduction  of  five  thousand 
men  from  the  reported  strength  of  each  army  would  more  nearly  re[iresent  the 
actual  strength  of  the  combatants.  It  is,  I  think,  certain  that  Rosecrans  was 
stronger  in  infantry  and  artillery  than  Bragg  by  at  least  four  thousand  men." 

On  the  following  day  Thomas  placed  his  lines  around  Chattanooga,  while  Bragg 
took  possession  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Chattanooga  Valley  and  the  summit  of  Look- 
out. His  hope  was  to  starve  the  army  now  blockaded  in  Chattanooga.  To  accom- 
plish this  he  siezed  the  railway  at  the  point  of  Lookout  Mountain. 

The  part  played  by  Longstreet  in  this  battle  was  worthy  of  his  great  fame  in 
those  days.  The  rapid  transfer  of  his  troops  from  Virginia  to  Georgia  was  kept 
a  profound  secret  from  the  Federals.  On  the  loth  of  September  General  Halleck 
telegraphed  to  General  Rosecrans  that  Bragg  had  not  been  re-enforced  from  Vir- 
ginia. At  that  moment  Bragg  and  Linigstreet  may  have  been  shaking  hands. 
Indeed,  Longstreet's  arrival  was  as  great  a  surprise  to  Rosecrans  as  was  Xa]>oleon's 
descent  upon  Marengo  to  General  Meals.  He  seemed  to  have  dropped  out  of  the 
heavens. 

Nor  is  the  genius  of  Polk  eclipsed  by  the  controversy  that  aro.se  between  him- 
•elf  and  the  Commanding  General  over  the  failure  to  attack  at  dawn  of  the  "iOth. 
We  therefore  in.sert  here  the  following  sketch. 


t'IRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


LEONIDAS  POLK. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  at  Raleigh,  N.  C. , 
on  April  loth,  1806.  He  was 
educated  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina,  and  was 
graduated  from  West  Point  in 
1827. 

While  a  student  at  West 
Point  he  became  possessed  of 
a  desire  to  stud\-  for  the  min- 
istry of  the  gospel.  He 
therefore  held  his  position  of 
Lieutenant  during  a  few 
months  only,  when  he  under- 
took the  study  of  divinity.  In  1 830  he  entered  the  ministry  of 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  and  in  1838  was  chosen  Bishop 
of  that  church  in  Arkansas,  with  authority  over  Alabama,  Missis- 
sippi and  Louisiana.  In  1841  he  resigned  all  but  the  diocese  of 
Louisiana.  In  1856  he  initiated  the  movement  which  has  resulted 
in  the  establishment  of  the  "University  of  the  South,"  at  Sewanee, 
Tennes.see. 

Bishop  Polk  was  a  soldier  by  nature,  hence  the  bustle  of  war 
drew  away  his  attention  from  the  peaceful  pursuits  of  his  profession. 
President  Davis  oftered  him  a  commission  as  Major-General,  and  it 
was  accepted.      His  first  headquarters  were  at  Memphis. 

General  Polk  was  ordered  to  join  Albert  Sidney  Johnston,  and 
under  him  participated  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  commanding  the  First 
Corps.  He  displaxed  the  true  military  genius  when  he  turned  the 
defeat  of  the  morning  into  a  brilliant  victorj-  in  the  afternoon. 

Polk  accompanied  Bragg  into  Kentucky  and  fought  the  stub- 
born battle  of  Perry\ille. 

Polk's  conduct  at  Chickamauga  was  severely  condemned  by 
Bragg.  He  was  relieved  from  command  immediately  thereafter. 
Subsequently  Bragg  consented  to  Polk  being  re-instated,  but  the 
Bishop-General  indignantly  declined  to  serve  under  the  commander 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tenne.ssee.  When  Johnston  relieved  Bragg, 
Polk  expressed  his  willingness  to  return  to  the  army,  and  early  in 
1864  he  joined  Johnston  with  his  "Army  of  the  Mississippi."  On 
the  13th  of  May  1864,  Polk's  Corps  fought  the  battle  of  Resaca. 
The  retreat  after  Resaca  was  darkened  by  the  death  of  Lieuten- 
ant-General  Polk.  We  will  allow  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston  to 
relate  the  storj'  of  that  sad  death  : 

"In  the  morning  of  the  14th  General  Hardee  and  I  rode  the  summit  of  Pine 
Mountain,  to  decide  if  the  outpost  there  should  be  maintained.  General  Polk  ac- 
companied us.  After  we  had  concluded  our  examination,  and  the  abandonment  of 
the  hill  had  been  decided  on,  a  few  shots  were  fired  at  us  from  a  battery  of  Parrott 
guns  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in   our  front  ;  the  third  of  these  passed   through  General 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERAN' 


Polk's  chest,  killing  him  instantly.      The  event  produced  deep   sorrow  in  the  army, 
in  every  battle  of  which  he  had  been  distinguished." 

There  was  no  braver  .soldier,  more  loyal  citizen,  more  earne.st 
man  than  Leonida.s  Polk,  Bishop  and  Licutenant-Gencral  of  the 
Confederate  arm\-. 


BATTLE    OF    MISSIONARY    RIDGE. 

We  introduce  the  outlines  of  this  sanguinar)-  but  unequal 
battle  b}'  a  brief  sketch  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Con- 
fedarate  forces. 

"^  BRAXTON  BRAGG. 

The  Commander  of  the  Con- 
federate forces  at  Chickamauga, 
General    Braxton     Bragg,    was 
born    in  Warren  count\'.  North 
Carolina,     March     22nd,     1817. 
Was      graduated      from     West 
Point,  standing  fifth  in  his  class 
of  fifty,    in    1837,    ^"ci   died   in 
Galveston,     Teias,     September 
27th,   1876.      No  military  officer 
was  ever  entrusted    with   more 
difficult  duties  than  was  General 
Bragg  while  in  command  of  one 
of  the  great  armies  of  the  Con- 
federacy. 
In  the  Mexican  war  Lieutenant  Bragg  distinguished  himself, 
and  was  promoted  on  the  field  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  for  gallantry 
at  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista.      He  resigned  his  commission  in  the 
United  States  Army  in  1856,  and  retired  to  private  life. 

When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  Braxton  Bragg  was  appointed 
a  Brigadier  General,  and  ordered  to  Pensacola,,  Fla.  Soon  after 
he  was  made  Major-General,  and  reported  to  Albert  Sidney 
Johnston.  He  added  to  his  military  reputation  when  the  gallant 
Johnston  fell  at  Shiloh. 

Succeeding  to  the  command  of  the  "Army  of  Mississippi," 
after  the  removal  of  Beauregard,  he  began  in  August  1862,  to  con- 
centrate his  forces  in  Chattanooga,  with  a  view  to  carry  out  the  plan 
of  invading  Kentucky,  devised  by  General  E  Kirby  Smith.  At 
Murfreesboro  he  fought  the  reinforced  army  of  Rosecrans  with  a 
smaller  army  than  he  had  at  Perryville. 

From  Murfreesboro  General  Bragg  retreated  to  Chattanooga. 
On  September  19th  and  20th,  1863,  he  fought  the  sanguinary 
battle  of  Chickamauga.  The  Federals,  under  Rosecrans,  were 
routed  and  fell  back  upon  Chattanooga,  leaving  the  Confederates 
in  possession  of  the  field. 

After  the  victory  of  Chickamauga  the  army  under  Bragg  was 
again  depleted,  this  time  by  the  sending  of  Longstreet  on  a 
"wild  goose  chase"  to  attack    Knoxville.      Grant  took   advantage 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


of  that  grave  mistake,  and  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  ended, 
practically,  the  military  career  of  General  Bragg.  He  was 
relieved  of  the  command  of  the  army  by  General  Joseph  E. 
Johnston. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  General  Bragg  retired  to  pri\^ite  life. 
He  was  a  man  of  most  exalted  courage,  a  commander  who 
delighted  to  criticise  his  officers,  and  praise  his  pri\'ate  soldiers. 
By  his  corps  commanders  he  was  never  admired,  but  at  times  he 
was  almost  worshipped  by  the  rank  and  file. 

On  the  18th  of  Octoher,  1863,  General  Grant  assumed  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Tennessee  ami  General  Thomas  remained  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland.  The  Confederates,  under  General  Bragg,  held  Li>iikcput  Mountain  and 
the  railway  at  its  base,  as  well  as  the  valley  of  Chattanooga   and  Missionary  Kidge. 

The  Federal  base  of  supplies  was  at  Bridgeport  and  8te%'enson,  and  they  were 
transported  by  wagons  through  Serjuachee  Vallev.  As  the  autumn  advanced  thiii 
road  became  almost  imiia.ssable,  and  starvation  threatened  the  garrison  of  the 
mountain  city.  By  a  strategic  movement  Lookout  Valley  was  opened  on  October 
28th,  and  on  November  1st  the  "siege  of  Chattanooga  by  the  forces  of  nature"  wa« 
raised.  The  Confederates  were  still  on  the  Federal  front,  on  I>ookout  and  Mission- 
ary Ridge,  and  in  the  Chattanooga  Valley. 

We  learn  from  othcial  reports  that  on  the  loth  of  November,  1863,  General 
Grant  had  concentrated  80,000  troops  in  and  around  Chattanooga,  and  that  .50,000 
Confederates  occupied  Ijookout  and  Missionary  Kidge,  Longstreet  having  gone  to 
Virginia  via  Knox\tille.  On  the  23rd,  (Jrant  undertook  the  raising  of  the  seige  on 
his  front  by  ordering  (Jeneral  Thomas  to  make  an  armed  reconnaissance  to  develop 
the  Confederate  lines,  which  was  done  in  the  early  morning.  By  1  P.  M.  Sherman 
had  crossed  the  Tennessee  at  the  northern  extremity  of  Missionarj-  Ridge,  and  at  4 
o'clock  he  had  a  heavy  engagement  in  an  etl'ort  to  seize  the  second  hill  of  the  Ridge, 
the  one  through  which  passes  the  railway  tunnel.  lie  was  repulsed  ;  Granger  had 
already  captured  "Orchard  Knob,"  and  soon  darkness  closed  the  combat. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  24th  the  movements  were  continued.  The  mist 
hanging  over  the  valley  concealed  from  the  Confederates  the  advancing  column  of 
the  Federals.  Gen.  Walthal,  with  a  small  force,  held  the  terrace  of  the  mountain, 
ju.sf  under  the  "Point,"  known  as  the  Craven  place,  over  which  the  Federals  would 
have  to  pass  to  reach  the  valley  of  Chattanooga.  The  skirmishing  on  that  lofty 
field  is  generally  called  the  "Battle  Above  the  Clouds." 

On  the  25th  began  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  proper.  .\t  4  p.  M.  the  Fed- 
eral lines,  which  tilled  the  valley,  moved  rapidly  forward  up  the  slopes  to  the  rifle- 
pits  of  the  Confederates,  where  a  galling  and  destructive  fire  of  musketry  was  kept 
up.  Over  the  rifle-pit,s.  thinly  occppied  by  the  depleted  ranks  of  the  Confederateti, 
bnt  gallantly  defended,  swept  line  after  line  of  the  Federals,  and  when  the  sun  went 
down  the  Cbn federates  had  retreated  and  the  Federals  held  the  Kidge. 

The  Confederates  retreated  in  the  direction  of  Ringgold,  by  way  of  Chicka- 
manga  Station. 

At  Ringold  they  tnrned  under  the  brilliant  Cleburn,  and  attacked  the  Federals. 
It  was  a  severe  combat,  lasting  the  entire  day.  The  Federals  suffered  severe  Io.sses, 
many  being  experienced  officers.  Bragg  continued  on  to  Dalton,  .and  Grant  sent 
relief  to  Burnside,  who  was  closely  invested  at  Knoxville  by  Longstreet. 

The  Confederates  were  more  .seriously  afi'etted  by  the  disaster  of  Missionary 
Ridge  than  had  been  the  Federals  by  the  defeat  of  Chickamauga.  The  depleted 
ranks  of  the  Confederates  could  not  be  replenished,  for  there  were  few  men  left  in 
the  rear  to  draw  from.  The  whole  world  was  oiien  to  the  recruiting  persuasions  of 
the  United  States  Government. 


BATTLE     OF     LOOKOUT     MOUNTAIN. 

The  skirmisli  which  newspaper  correspondents  poetically  christened  the  "Battle 
Above  the  Clouds"  was  introductory  to  the  desperate  struggle  on  Missionary  Ridge. 

On  November  23,  186.3,  Hooker's  cor]is  encamped  in  the  valley  of  Lookout;  a 
battery  of  ritled  guns  was  planted  on  Moccasin  Bend,  and  the  main  Federal  army 
occupied  the  city  of  Chattanooga.  The  Confederates  were  in  possession  of  Lookout 
Mountain  and  occupied  the  pallisades  and  the  plateau  beneath,  as  well  as  Chatta- 
nooga valley  and  Missionary  Ridge. 


UNITED  CONKEDERATE  VETERANS.  27 

Alioul  11  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  llic  24tli  the?  battery  on  Mnecasin  liond 
opened  fnrionsly  on  the  Confederates  in  tlie  valley.  Hooker  advanced  by  skirmish- 
ing on  ihe  western  side  of  the  monntain,  while  a  clouii  slowly  settled  down  upon  the 
the  Confederates,  on  the  plateau  above,  entirely  concealing  them.  Tlie  advancing 
Federals  were  not  discovered  by  tlie  Confederate  brigade  at  Craven's  house  until  they 
were  only  a  few  yards  distant  For  about  half  an  hour  General  Walthal  ke|it  up  a 
desultary  lire,  slowly  falling  back  until  fully  one-h;ilf  of  his  men  were  made  pris- 
oners. Very  few  were  killed  <in  either  side,  (jwing  tii  the  cloud  envel(i|nnent — the 
movements  occurring  in  the  clouds  and  not  above  it.  The  firing  oi  artillery  on 
Moccasin  Beuil  ami  from  I'lU't  \egly,  near  Chattanooga,  mu.st  have  given  Hooker 
his  idea  of  the  "roar  of  battle,"  and  yet  fieneral  Grant  correctly  states  it  when  he 
says  "there  was  no  battle  fought  on  Lookout  Mountain."  During  the  night  tiring 
Wiis  kept  up  at  short  intervals.  The  Confederates  evacuated  the  mountain,  along 
what  is  now  called  the  "old  road."  In  addition  to  the  heavy  fog  which  i(]vered  the 
Talley  dtiring  the  night,  there  was  an  eclipse  of  the  moon. 

CHICKAMAUGA  NATIONAL  PARK. 

A  movement  looking  to  the  purchase  of  the  battlefield  of 
ChickamauLja  b)'  the  general  government  and  making  the  same 
a  National  Park,  began  in  i8S8.  In  September  of  that  year  the 
Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  appointed  a  committee 
of  five  to  conduct  such  a  movement.  This  committee  concluded 
to  have  a  conference  with  the  Confederate  veterans  then  living  in 
Washington,  where  it  held  its  first  meeting.  The  result  of  that 
conference  was  the  appointment  of  a  committee  to  prepare  an  act 
of  incorporation.  Subsequently  a  list  of  incorporators,  and  the 
outlines  of  the  charter  were  agreed  upon. 

On  December  4th,  1889,  the  charter  was  granted  b\'  the 
Superior  Court  of  Walker  county,  Ga. 

On  September  19th,  1889,  a  joint  meeting  of  Union  and 
Confederate  soldiers  was  held  in  the  city  of  Chattanooga.  General 
Rosecrans  presided  This  meeting  adjourned  to  Crawfish  Springs 
September  20th.  At  that  time  the  incorporators  met  and  elected 
officers.  General  John  T.  Wilder  was  unanimously  chosen 
President.  Then  were  chosen  General  Joseph  Wheeler,  Vice 
President ;  General  Marcus  J.  Wright,  Secretary,  and  General 
J.  S.  Fullerton,  Treasurer  Fourteen  Directors  were  nominated 
by  the  Confederates  and  fourteen  by  the  Federals.  These  were 
unanimously  elected. 

On  February  6th,  1890,  General  Grosvenor  introduced  a  bill 
in  the  House  of  Representatives  "to  establish  a  national  militar\- 
park  at  the  battlefield  of  Chickamauga. "  At  this  writing,  Ma>' 
29th,  this  bill  has  passed  the  House  with  only  eight  votes  against 
its  adoption 

This  bill  declares  that  its  put  pose  is  the  "preser\'ing,  and 
suitabl}'  marking  for  historical  and  professional  military  stud)'," 
this  field.  It  describes  the  approaches  to  the  field,  and  describes 
the  land  to  be  purchased,  adding:  "The  lands  and  roads  em- 
braced in  the  area  bounded  as  herein  described,  together  with 
the  roads  described  in  section  I  of  this  act,  are  hereby  declared  to 
be  a  national  park,  to  be  known  as  the  Chickamauga  and  Chatta- 
nooga National  Park." 


28 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


The  Park  so  established  is  to  be  under  the  control  of  the 
Secretary  of  War.  The  present  owners  of  holdings  therein  will 
be  permitted  to  remain  on  certain  conditions.  The  Secretary  of 
War  will  substantial!}'  mark  all  lines  of  battle  within  the  bounda- 
ries of  the  Park.  Rules  are  to  be  enacted  for  the  permanent 
marking. 

To  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  act,  one  hundred  and  twen- 
ty-five thousand  dollars  are  appropriated. 

The  plan  of  marking  the  Confederate  lines,  with  special 
reference  to  the  coming  Reunion,  was  inaugurated  by  Captain 
Joseph  F.  Shipp,  Commander  of  Forrest  Camp.  His  plan  is 
being  carefully  carried  out,  and  the  data  thus  obtained  will  be  of 
incalculable  value  to  the  permanent  locating  commission. 

CO.M.MITTEE    ON    LOCATING    LINES. 

The  committee  on  the  locating  of  Confederate  lines  began  its 
work  early  in  May.  By  July  3rd  most  of  these  lines  will  have 
been  established.  But  it  is  the  earnest  desire  of  the  Committee 
that  they  receive  the  assistance  of  all  veterans  who  may  attend 
the  Reunion  in  checking  up  the  work  already  done,  and  in  locat- 
ing such  lines  as  may  not  be  established  by  that  time.  Permanent 
record  is  made  of  all  information  received  by  this  Committee. 
Veterans  will  oblige  by  calling  on  them. 


Forrest  Camp,  No.  3,  Confederate  Veterans. 


to  raise 
Colonel 
militarv 


NATHAN  BEDFORD 
FORREST. 


This  distinguished  cavalry 
officer  was  born  of  humble 
[arentage  in  Bedford  county, 
Tennessee,  on  July  13th,  1821. 
He  had  no  advantages  of  ed- 
ucation, and  his  youth  was 
spent  on  farms  in  his  native 
State  and  in  Mississippi 

General  Forrest  ardently 
espoused  the  cause  of  the 
South,  and  at  the  first  call  to 
arms  joined  himself  to  the 
Tennessee  Mounted  Rifles. 
Governor  Harris  invited  him 

a  regiment,  which  he  did,  and   was  chosen  its  Lieutenant- 
At   the  seige  of  Fort  Donnelson    he  demonstrated    his 

qualities. 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS.  29 

Perhaps  the  most  brilliant  performances  of  that  remarkabl)' 
brilliant  officer  were  enacted  upon  the  fanrous  battle-field  of 
Chickamauga,  on  September  19th  and  20th,  1863.  The  memories 
of  those  sanguinary  daj's  prompted  the  Confederate  V^eterans  of 
Chattanooga  to  call  their  CAMP  by  his  name. 

Some  severe,  and  much  of  it  unfair,  criticism  has  been 
indulged  by  certain  so-called  historians  of  the  attack  upon  Fort 
Pillow.  There  was  no  braver,  and  therefore  no  more  chivalrous  sol- 
dier of  the  late  w-ar  than  Nathan  Bedford  Forrest.  A  knowledge 
of  that  fact  is  a  sufficient  refutation  of  all  charges  of  barbaric 
conduct  in  that  memorable  assault.  The  following  from  an  impar- 
tial pen  is  quoted  because  of  its  truthfulness  ; 

When  the  idea  of  storming  F"ort  Pillow  was  conceived,  in 
April,  1864,  General  Forest  was  placed  in  command  of  the 
attacking  Confederate  forces.  After  a  heavy  storming  of  the, 
fort  by  Forrest's  forces,  the  signal  for  negotiations  of  surrender 
was  shown  by  the  fortification,  and  the  firing  ceased.  While  the 
negotiations,  however,  were  in  progress  Forrest  conceived  the 
project  of  moving  his  forces  to  a  point  of  attack  which  it  would 
be  impossible  to  attain  in  any  other  way.  This  he  thought  would 
be  an  advantage  in  case  the  negotiations  for  the  surrender  of  the 
fort  proved  unsuccessful.  W  hen  the  move  was  discovered  by 
Major  Bradford,  commander  of  the  fort,  he  positively  refused  to 
surrender,  although  fully  realizing  that  Forrest's  position  was  a 
dangerous  one  to  the  fortifications.  General  Forrest  afterwards 
explained  that  he  had  a  right  to  move  his  forces  wherever  he 
chose,  and  gain  whatever  advantage  he  could,  so  long  as  the  flag 
of  the  fort  had  not  been  hauled  down  as  a  token  of  surrender. 
Upon  the  commander's  refusal  to  surrender,  the  assault  of  the 
Confederate  forces  was  renewed,  with  the  result  of  a  signal  victory, 
wherein  General  Forrest  had  taken  no  small  part.  The  garrison 
consisted  mainly  of  colored  troops." 

General  Forrest  had  no  taste  for  politics,  and  only  on  one  oc- 
casion was  he  induced  to  take  any  part  in  the  e.xciting  canvasses 
that  succeeded  the  restoration  of  peace.  That  occasion  was  his 
appearance  in  the  Democratic  Convention  of  1868,    in  New  York. 


Forrest  Camp,  No.  3,  Confederate  \'eterans,  Chattanooga, 
Tennessee,  was  organized  September  15th,  1886,  under  a  charter 
issued  by  R.  E.  Lee  Camp,  No.  i,  of  Richmond,  Va.  This 
charter  was  granted  in  accordance  with  an  Act  of  the  General  As- 
sembly of  Virginia,  appro\ed  March  i8th,  1884. 

Garnett  Andrews  was  chosen  the  First  Commander,  and 
Laurence  T.  Dickinson  was  made  Adjutant.  These  officers  served 
until  January-  1st,  1887,  when  Joseph  F.  Shipp  was  elected  Com- 
mander, and  Laurence  T.  Dickinson  was  re-elected  Adjutant. 
These  officers  ha\-e  been  re-elected  each  year  thereafter. 

The  following  are  the 


30  FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


OFFICERS   FOR    1890: 

Commander,      -----     Joseph   F.  Shipp 
1st  Lt.  Commander,    -     -     -  Tomlinson  Fort. 
2nd  Lt.  Commander,      -     -     W.    P.    McClatchy. 
3rd  Lt.  Commander,   -     -     -  Milton  Russell. 

Adjutant,     - Laurence  T.  Dickinson. 

Surgeon.    -------  Geo   W.  Drake,  M.  D. 

Quartermaster,      -     -     -     -     Thos.  L.  Yakrington. 

Chaplain,  -------  Rev.  J.  W.  Bachman. 

Officer  of  the  Day,     -     -     -     William  W.  Harkin.s. 
Assistant  Surgeon,       -     -     -  H.  O    Milton,  M.  D. 
Treasurer,     ------     Hugh  R.    Banks. 

Sergeant-Major,       -     -     -     -  Thos.  P.  Wells. 

Vidette,   -------     Richard  L    Rhodes. 

„  ,       _        ,  (  William  G.  F"linn. 

Color  Guards,     -     -     -     -    -^  ^^^^   ^    Warren. 

Color  Sergeant,       -     -     -     -  James  L   Price. 

EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE: 
Garnett  Andrews,     Wm.  C.  Payne,     Isaac  C.  Mansfield. 


HISTORICAL  INCIDENTS. 

In  April,  1887,  Forrest  Camp,  aided  by  the  ladies  of  the  Me- 
morial Association,  held  a  successful  Bazaar  in  this  city.  It  con- 
tinued during  one  week.  Miss  Winnie  Davis  was  in  the  city  at 
the  time,  and  her  presence  added  a  peculiar  charm  to  the  social 
feature  of  the  entertainment      The  proceeds  netted  g  1,800. 

The  Camp  has  been  helping,  since  its  organization,  many 
Confederate  soldiers  and  their  families,  and  this  fund  has  greatly 
aided  that  labor  of  love.  The  Rev  J.  W.  Bachman  is  Chairman  of 
the    Relief   Committee,    and  has  been  Chairman  for  several  years. 

In  1 888  the  ladies  of  the  Confederate  Memorial  Association 
turned  over  the  care-taking  of  the  Confederate  Cemetery  to  For- 
rest Camp.  These  ladies  were  then  declared  honorary  members  un- 
der the  following  by-law,  enacted  for  that  purpose : 

"Every  lady  now  living  who  has  been  a  member  of  the  Chattanooga  Confed- 
erate Memorial  Association,  is  hereby  elected  an  Honorary  Member  of  this  Camp, 
and  as  such  is  a  member  of  the  Memorial  Committee  of  the  same." 

For  months  after  its  organization  the  Camp  met  monthly  in 
Phoenix  Hall.  On  the  ist  of  November,  1885,  they  removed  to 
room  15,  in  the  Lee  block,  corner  of  Ninth  and  Carter  streets.  It 
was  soon  discovered  that  this  room  was  too  small,  and  in  May, 
1887,  the  present  handsome  quarters  in  Adams'  block,  corner 
Georgia  Avenue  and  Eighth  street,  were  secured.  The  hall  is 
carpeted  and  well  furnished,  contains  numerous  war  relics  and  has 
an  extensive  library.  There  are  several  maps  and  fine  pictures  on 
the  walls.  Nevertheless,  the  Camp  is  seriously  considering  the 
further  beautif\'ing  of  its  apartments. 

At  the  Reunion  of  the  Society  of  the  Arm}'  of  the  Cumber- 
land, whicli  was  held  in  this  city  in  the  autumn   of    i88g,  Forrest 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS.  31 

Camp  kept  "open  house,"  and  took  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  en- 
tertainments of  that  occasion.  The  Barbecue,  at  Crawfish  Springs, 
Ga.,  was  their  conception.  The  Chattanooga  Committee  was  re- 
enforced  by  se\'eral  Confederates,  residents  of  Rome,  Ga. 

At  the  general  Confederate  Reunion  that  is  to  be  held  in  this 
city  next  July,  Forrest  Camp  will  be  conspicuous  in  its  efforts  to 
make  ever\-  veteran  feel  that  he  is  among  his  warmest  friends.  It 
will  inaugurate,  on  that  occasion,  a  movement  to  erect  an  equestrian 
statue  of  General  Forrest,  the  greatest  cavalry  officer  of  the  cen- 
tur)',  with  a  festival  on  the  evening  of  July  3d. 

FORREST    MONUMENT    ASSOCIATION. 

On  Thursday  evening,  July  3rd,  beginning  promptly  at  8  o'clock,  in  the  great 
Tent,  the  Forrest  Monument  Association  will  give  an  entertainment  of  oratory, 
song,  military  tableaux,  martial  music,  and  recitations.     The  details  are  found  in  the 

programme. 

The  ol)ject  of  this  entertainment  will  be  to  raise  funds  to  erect  a  monument  to 
General  N.  B.  Forrest.      The  admission  will  he  one  dollar. 

The  following  is  the  organization  for  this  Festival  : 

GEORGE  C.  CONNOR,  Chairman. 
Laurence  T.  Dickinson, Scenic  Artist.    Mrs.  C.  A.  MoROss,  Musical  Director. 
H.  A.  McQuADE,  Chief  Illuminations.        H.  C.  Jackson,  Stage  Engineer. 
S.  C.  Dodge,  Calcium  Lights.  Mrs.  L.  T.  Dickinson,  |     Directors  of 

J.  L.  McCoLLUM,  Treasurer.  Mrs.  W.  R.  Wilson,       j        Tableaux. 

GENERAL    COMMITTEE. 

Mrs.  B.  D.  Lodor,  Mrs.  G.  C.  Connor.  Mrs.  John  T.  Reed. 

Mrs.  William  Heron.  Mrs.  A.  W.  Gaines.  Mrs.  L.  T.  Dickinson. 

Mrs.  W.  G.  Oehmig.  Mrs.  M.  H.  Clift.  Mrs.  E.  Watkins. 

Mrs.  N.  C.  Jenkins.  Mrr.  C.  B.  Chapman.  Mrs.  W.  R.  Wilson. 

Mrs.  J.  P.  Smartt.  Mrs.  P.  A.  Brawner.  Mrs.  W.  T.  Hope. 

Mrs.  J.  H.  Warner.  Mrs.  T.  P.  Wells.  Mrs.  B.  P.  Key. 

Mrs.  J   C.  Henderson.  Mrs.  Hoyle.  Mrs.  N.  C.  Jenkins. 

Mrs.  Franklin  Harris.  Miss  C.  Crutchfield.  Miss  Payne. 

It  is  confidently  believed  by  the  ladies  who  are  interested  in  this  noble  under- 
taking that  every  veteran  who  visits  the  city  and  participates  in  the  great  Reunion 
will  give  his  influence  to  swell  the  attendance  upon  this  entertainment. 

SPECIAL — Mrs.  N.  B.  Forrest,  surrounded  by  the  survivors  of  the  General's 
Staff,  will  be  seated  on  the  stage  during  the  oration  by  Dr.  Kelley. 


REUNION    OF    MEDICAL   CORPS. 

urgeon  General  Joseph  Jones,  M.  D.,  having  called  a  meeting  of  the  survivors 
of  the  Medical  Corps  of  the  Confederate  Armies,  in  Chattanooga,  for 
WEDNESDAY,  July  2nd,  1890, 
The  following  local  physicians  have  been   selected  by  the  Medical  .Association 
as  a  Committee  to  make  all  the  necessary  arrangements  for  the  same  : 

.THE    COMMITTEE. 

G.  M.    Drake.    M.  D.,    ^Tedical   Director. 

P.  D.  Sims,  Chief  of  Stafl'.  Fred.  M.  Stapp,  Secretary. 

E.  B.  Wise.  E.  M.  Eaton.                          F   M.  Searson. 

J.  H.  Vandeman.  J    J.  Durand.                            H.  Berlin. 

G.  M.  Ellis  S.  C.  Ellis.                              B.  S.  West 

G.  A.  Baxter.  W.  B.  Wells.                          F.  F.  Smith. 

E.  Y.  Green.  W.  L.  Gahagan.                       E.  A.  Colileigh, 

N.  C.  Steele.  H.  L.  McReynolds.               G.  T.  Magee. 

C.  F.  McGahan.  H.  A.  Winters.                       T.  A.  Reeves. 


32  FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 

REUNION    OF  CHAPLAINS. 

Rev.  J.  W.  Bachman,  DD.,  cordially  invites  all  Chaplains  of  the  Confederate 
Armies  to  hold  a  Reunion  in  the  parlor  of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  corner  of 
Georgia  avenue  and  Seventh  street.  The  following  clergymen  are  appointed  a 
Committee  to  make  all  necessary  arrangements  : 

THE    COMMITTEE. 

Rev.  J.  W    Bachman,  Chairman. 
Rev.  J.  P.  McFerrin.  Rev   R.  J.  Willingham.       Rev.  G    W.  Dumbell. 

Rev.  W.  J.  Trimble.  Rev   Father  Walsh  Rev   A.  B.  Riker. 

Rev.  J    J    M.iiiker.  Rev.  D    M.  McReynoIds. 

PROGRAMME. 

THURSDAY,  JULY  THIRD,  1890. 

10:00  A.  M. — RECEPTIOS  OF  DELEfi.iTES  AXD  VISITOK-'^. 

Address  of  Welcome  by  Hon.  John  A.  Hart.  Mayor. 

Response  by  (iovemor  John  B.  Gordon,  General  Commanding. 

Delegates  will  form  in  procession  on  Broad  street,  the  right  resting  on  Ninth. 
It  will  be  escorted  by  a  Batallion  of  Infantry,  headed  by  the  Band  of  the  4th  Infan- 
try, U.  .S.  A.  The  procest^iim  will  march  to  Market,  down  Market  to  Eighth,  along 
Eighth  to  Broad,  and  down  Broad  to  the  Tent. 

3:00  p.  M.: — ASSEMBLING  OF  THE  CXJNVEXTION. 

The  Convention  will  be  called  to  order  in  the  Tent,  and  proceed  to  business. 

8:00  P.  J'.:— Fli-TIVAL  CF  FCEKEST  MOMMFNT  A^OCIATION. 

1. — Oration  by  Rev.  D.  C.  Kelley,  I>D.,  Colonel  in  Forrest's  Corps. 
2. — Tableau — The  Confederacy  Restored  to  the  Union. 

Music — "My  Country  'tis  of  thee,"  by  100  young  Ladies. 
3. — Tableau — The  Surrender  at  .\ppomattox. 

Recitation — The  Conquered  Banner,  by  G.  C.  C 
Music — ''Hail  Columbia,''  Military  Band. 
4. — Tableau — The  Alabama.     Survivors  of  the  crew  on  deck. 

Music — "A  Life  on  the  Ocean  Wave.''    Sung  by  Mr.  Armstrong,  Va. 
5  — Tableau — Wounding  of  Stonewall  Jackson. 

"Let  us  cross  over  the  river,  and  rest  under  the  shade  of  the  trees." 
Music — "Nearer  my  (iml  to  Thee.     Sung  by  100  young  Ladies. 
6. — The  Forrest  Monument  Illuminated. 

Music — "Dixie,"  by  the  Military  Band. 
Note: — Mrs.  General  Forrest  will  be  seated  upon  the  Stage,  surrounded   by  the 
survivors  of  the  Cieneral's  Staff.     Mrs.   .Semmes,  surrounded  by  surviving  officers  of 
the   "Alabama,"  will  also  be  on  the  stage. 

FRIDAY,  JULY  FOURTH. 
9:30  A.  M.; — fjRAND  parade  and  celebr,ition. 
The  Military  and  visiting  Veterans  will  form  and  march  as  herein  set  forth: 
1. — The  Military  Divi.sion — Will  form  on  Cherry,  its  right  resting  on  Ninth. 
2. — The  Fir^t  Division  of  Veterans — Will   form  on  East  Ninth,  its  right 
resting  on  Georgia  Avenue. 

3. — The  Second  Division  of  Veterans — AVill  form  on  North  Georgia  .ve- 
nue, its  right  resting  on  Ninth. 

4. — The  Third  Divi.<ion  of  Veter.\ns — Will  form  on  Broad,  its  right  resting 
on  Ninth. 

5. — The  Fodbth  DmsiON  of  Veterans — "Will  form  on  Chestnut,  its  right 
resting  on  Ninth. 

6. — The  Fifth  Division  of  Veterans — Will  form  on  West  Ninth,  its  right 
resting  on  Chestnut. 

7. — The  Sixth  Division  of  Veter.vns — Will  form  on  Carter,  its  right  resting 
on  Ninth. 

8. — The  Seventh  DmsioN  of  Veterans — Will  form  on  Boyce,  its  right  rest- 
ing on  Ninth. 

Formations  must  be  complete  by  9:40.     The  following  is  the 

LINE  of  maroh. 
North,  on  west  side  of  Market,  passing  in  Review.     The  General   Commanding 
will  be  stationed  in  West  Eighth. 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


Counter-march  on  East  Market  until  right  of  cohiuin  reaches  Ninth,  when  it 
will  halt. 

^^  After  Inspection  by  the  General  Commanding  the  Procession  will  move  along 
Kinth  to  Georgia  Avenue,thence  on  Georgia  to  McCallie  Avenue,  east  on  McCallie 
to  Douglas,  along  Douglas  to  Vine,  west  on  Vine  to  Georgia  Avenue,  on  Georgia 
Avenue  to  Seventh,  along  Seventh  to  Market,  south  on  Market  to  Eighth,  west  on 
Eighth  to  Broail,  and  along  Broad  until  the  column  reaches  Ninth,  where  it  will 
be  massed,  and  the  General  Commanding  will  deliver  a  brief  address  from  the 
saddle. 

4:00  P.  M.: — A  patriotic  or.ation. 

8:00  P.  M.: — A  gorgeous  bisplay  of  firework.*. 

1. — Illumination  of  Cameron  Hill — Salutes  and  Electric  Suns. 

2. — Illumination  of  the  Tennessee  River  on  Barges  anchored  in  the  middle  of 
the  stream. 

This  superb  display  will  begin  with  curtains  of  vapor,  ending  in  carmine  and 
emerald,  and  an  Egyptian  sunset.  There  will  l^e  bombshells  exploded  600  feet  in 
the  air;  salvos  of  aerial  maroons,  prismatic  fountain;;.  Galling  batteries  of  colored 
bullets;  water  fireworks,  consisting  of  flying  tishes,  diving  devils,  fountains  and  wa- 
ter witches,  mines  of  feu  de  joie,  and  calliopes;  fiery  whirlwinds,  weeping  willows, 
mines  of  hornet.*,  wasps,  bugs  and  devils,  with  showei's  of  jewels. 

There  will  be  every  variety  of  rockets,  some  of  the  most  brilliant  ever  sent  up 
in  America.  There  will  be  in  all  thirty-four  distinct  pieces,  and  the  la,st  two  will  be 
a  glorious  finale  to  the  grand  celebration.  The  3Srd  will  be  a  grand  burst  of  floral 
meteors,  centipedes,  yellow  trees  and  coronets.  The  34th  will  be  a  burst  of  100 
rockets,  filling  the  heavens  with  myriad  stars,  and  torrents  of  fire. 

Note: — It  is  suggested  that  at  the  following  places  the  Fireworks  can  be  wit- 
nessed with  the  greatest  satisfaction: 

1. — On  the  BlufTs  above  Market  street. 

2. — On  the  Levee,  between  Market  and  Broad. 

3.— On  Reservoir  Hill. 

4. — On  the  summit  of  Cameron  Hill. 

SATURDAY,  JULY  FIFTH. 

10:00  A.  M.: ON  THE  B.^TTLEFIELD  OF  CHICKAMAUGA. 

Trains  will  begin  running  to  Battlefield  station  at  9:00  A.  M. 
The  day  will   be  spent  in  visiting  the  lines  of    the  various  Confederate  com- 
mands during  the  Battle. 

3:00  P.  M.: — FRATERNAL  GATHERING  ON  SNODGKASS  HILL. 
Two  addresses  by  soldiers  who  participated  in  the  Battle. 

S:00  P.  M.: — ILLUMINATION  OF  LI50KOUT    MOUNT.VIN. 

The  Point  and  the  eastern  blufl',  as  well  as  the  Craven  terrace,  will  be  lighted 
up  with  Bon-tires,  and  electric  suns.  The  latter  have  never  been  seen  in  the  South, 
and  their  brilliancy  is  indescribable.  The  illumination  will  be  a  fitting  conclusion 
to  the  three  days  of  unalloyed  pleasures. 

HISTORIC    POINTS 

The  following  table  will  give  instructions  to  visitois  as  to  how 
they  may  reach  the  historic  and  interesting  points  about  the  city: 


PL.^CES    TO    VISIT.  ,  HOW    TO    REACH    THEM. 


WHERE   TO    GET    ON. 


Hors-e  Cars  and  U.  P.  Depot. 
Central  Station 


0.25 
0.05 
0.35 
0.20 
0.05 


Battle  .\bovethe  Clouds I   Incline  and  Broad  Gauge  R'ys 

Chickamauga '   Chatta.,  Rome  &  Columbus  R'; 

Confederate  Cembtery i    Vine  Street  Horse  Cars | 

Crawfish  Springs I   Chatta.,  Rome  &  Columbus  R"y Central  Station 

Comeron  Hill  Horse  Cars  and  Incline. | , 

East  Lake Union  Railway |  Georgia  Avenue  Depi 

Lookout  Mountain '   Broadguage  Railway '   Union  Passenger  Depot '0.25 

Lookout  Mountain I   Incline  and  Narrow  Gauge  R'ys '   Horse  Cars  and  Union  R'y....lo.25 

Missionary  Ridge i   Electric  Railway ;   From  Broad  Street  out 0.05 

National  C  metery '    Union  Railway I   Georgia  .Avenue  Depot 

Orchard    Knob [   Union  Railway Georgia  .\venue  Depot 

Sherman  Heights j   Union  Railway Georgia  Avenue  Depot.... 

Sunset  Rock Incline  and  Narrow  Gauge  R'y-s Horse  Cars  and  Union  R'y.... 


0.05 
0.05 
0.05 
0.25 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


LANDMARKS    OF    WAR    TIMES. 

Headquarters  Gen.  Rosecrans.      Now  316  Wa'nut  street. 
Headquarters  Gen.  Bragg.    "Brabson  House,"  now 407  E.  5th. 
Headquarters   Grant,  Thomas,  Sherman.      Now    iio   W'ahiut 
street. 

Headquarters  Gen   D.  H    Hill       Now  603  Pine  street. 
Headquarters  Gen.  Brannan:     S.  E.  corner  Third  and  Market 
Old  War  Prison,  (both  armies)  corner  Fourth  and  Market. 
Fort  Wood.      East  city  ;  rapidly  being  covered  with  dwellings 
Signal  Point.      Walden's  Ridge,   southern  projection. 
Signal  Rock.      Lookout  Mountain,   near  to  "Point." 
Crutchfield  House.      Read  House  built  on  site 
Planter's  Hotel.      Wisdom  House  built  on  site. 


FULL  ROSTER  OF  COMMITTEES. 


EXECUTIVE. 

JOSEPH  F.  SHIPP,  Chairm.in.  LALBENXE  T.  DICKINSON,  Secretary. 

R.  M.  BARTON,  JR.,    Treasurer. 
WILLIAM    U.    PEEPLES,    ADOLPH    S.    OCHS.    DANIEL    J.    O'CONNELL,    HIRAM    S. 
CHAMBERLAIN,    JOHN    A.  HART.  WEBSTER  J.    COLBURN.    JOAB  L.  McCOLLUM, 
GARNETT    ANDREWS.    TOMLINSON    FORT.     ISAAC    B.    MERRIAM,    CHARLES     F. 
MULLER,  ALONZO  G.  SHARP. 


J.  L.  McCOLLUM, 

A.  S.  OCHS, 

G.  C.  CONNOR, 

L.  G   WALKER, 
G.  A.   HOLLAND, 
A    B.  HART, 

G.  C.  CONNOR, 
J.  M.  SUTTON, 
G.  A.  BARNES, 


H  R  BANKS, 
A.  I  STOOPS, 
M   H   CLIFT. 


FINANCE. 

HUGH  WHITtSlDE, 
H   S    CHAMBERLAIN, 
W   O.  PEEPLES, 

PRINTINC. 

E.  W.   MATTSON, 
J,  B.  POUND, 

TRANSPORTATION. 

1    L    McCOLLUM. 
E.  F.  SISSON. 
A    N.  SLOA.V, 


F.  F.  WEIHL, 
J.  W.  KELLY. 


L   A.  WARNER, 
W.  M.  STO.NE. 


J    C    ANDERSON, 
II  J.  MULLANEV. 


HA 


L  T  DICKINSON, 
CHRIS  BATHMAN, 
J.  M    ED-MONDS. 

LIGHTS 

H.  A.  McQUADE, 
GEORGES    DUNCAN, 
W.  B,  FORD. 


LLS  AND  HEADQUARTERS. 

R    E    ULBRICHT.  D.  J.  CHANDLER. 

J    T.  WILLIAMS,  W.  P.  McCLATCHEV, 

DECORATING. 

J    B,   WOOI.SON, 

M    M    HENDERSON, 

HENRY  DeNAGIL, 

AND    ILLUMINATION 

PAT  FLEMMING, 


TO.M  WILCO.X. 


A.  W  JUDD, 

D.  B   LOVEMAN, 

H.  S.  THACHER, 

IN    CITY. 

D   W.  HUGHES, 
S,  M.  PATTON, 


^ 


L.  PRICE. 

.  T.  ROGERS, 
G,  W.  P.\TTEN, 
F.  J,  BENNETT, 


J.  C.  HOWELL, 

J,  F,  DOUGHERTY 


HOTELS  AND   BOARDING 

ROBT.  SHARP, 
N.  W  WILBUR, 
W.  W.  FRENCH, 
JOHN  G.  RAWLINGS, 

BAGGAGE. 

H.  F.  ROGERS, 
L.  S.  ROGERS, 


GARNETT  ANDREWS. 
REV,  J,    P.  McFERRIN, 
S.  J,  A,  FRAZIER, 
L.  H    WILSON. 
ROBERT  HIBBLER. 
FRANK  A.  HERVEY 


REUNION. 

DR.  G.  W.  DRAKE. 
A.  W.  PALMER, 
1   C   MANSFIELD, 
D.  L,  SUBLETT. 
C.  A.  LYERLY 


HOUSES. 

B.  L   GiiULDING, 

C.  W.  NORWOOD, 
R.  M,  BARTON,  JR,, 
J.  V.  PRICE. 

S,  R.  SHRUM, 
CLARKE  HORN. 


T.  M.  McCONNELL, 
E.  M.  DODSON, 
G  G   LILLY. 
T.  J    DEMENT, 


, BULLOCK, 


CAMPS   AND    CONSTRUCTIONS. 

H,  C.  JACKSON,  A,  J,  STOOPS,  1.  A,  BLANTON, 

C,  H,  COOLIDGE,  THOMAS  C.  VEALE,  I    H,  BANKSTON, 

S,  W.  DUNCAN. 


UNITED  CONFKDERATE  VETERANS. 


WATER  SUPPLY  AND  PUBLIC  COMFORT. 


JOHN  THIIMPSON, 
N.  WIXCKIELD, 
J.  C.  HAN  KINS. 

JOHN  B.  NICKLIN, 
W.  C    HAFLEY. 
G.  S.  TRUiC. 


W.    HI  lis K, 

P.  ROBERTSON. 


MUSIC. 

.  I'AI.Mlk. 
CLARK. 


W.  T.  HOPE. 

GEO.  I,.  GILLESPIE,  SR., 


T.  H.  PAYNE. 
FRANK  MARQUET, 


GEO   W.  OCHS. 
J   C.  HENDERSON, 
1,T    THmLASSON, 
"R.  P.  SHELTON, 
H    K,  WENNING, 


COMMITTEE  ON  FIREWORKS. 

A    L.  OCONNLI.L,  R.  M    I)ARTON,JR., 

I,  P    KINDRICK,  H    JL  BALES, 

■IHEO,  RICHMOND.  ?R.,  \V.  S  WEITZEL, 

GATOR  WOODFORD",  WARREN  HENDERSON. 

COLLING    DUGGER.  ERNEST  SHACKELFORD. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MILITARY. 

CAPT.J    P.  FVFFE,  C  AP  1,  R.  M.  N  EAL,  CAPT.  C.  H    SIMMONS. 

LIEL'T.  A   J    WATKINS,  LIELT.  A.  H     IREWHITT,  LT   J    L    CUNNINGHA.M, 

tlEUT   H.  F,  WENNINC;,  LIEUT  E.  Z.  FORT.  LIEUT.  J.  B.  STEWARD, 

LIEUT.  .M    C.  WEARING,  C.ATOR  WOODFORD. 

LOCATING   LINES   AND   COMMANDS. 


The  following  is  .ippointed  to  locite  line 
b.iltle  of  Chickamauga ; 
S  J    A.  FRAZIER, 
W    C    PAYNE, 
R.  M.  TANKESLEY, 
T,  M.   -McCONXELL, 
C.  B.   BULLOCK, 
J.  C.  GORDON, 
MR,   REED, 


lind  commands  of   Confcder.tte  troops  engaged    in  the 


REV.  J    P   McFERRIN, 
A    R    THOMAS, 
J    P   SMARTT, 
S.  B.  DYER, 
1.  A.  CALDWELL, 
FRANK  OSBORNE, 
MR.   TONES. 


R,  L.  WATKINS, 
M    H,  CLIFT, 
iMlLTpN  RUSSELL, 
W.  L.   EAKIN, 
E,  M.  DODSON. 
H.  HARGROVES, 
JOHN  M.  McDER.MOT. 


RECEPTION   COMMITTEE. 

-As  an  indication  of  the  cosmopolitan  con-plexion  of  the  citizenship  of  Chattanooga,  the  gentle- 
men comprising  the  Reception  Committee  are  classed  in  the  States  of  their  nativity. 


/tomlinson  fort 
d  b  love-man 
hon  d  .m  key 
1  t  williams 
hon  lewis  shepher 
w  e  b.\skette 

HON  W  H  DeWITT 
LEWIS  COLYAR 
J  P  KINDRICK 
JOHN  W JAMES 
H  O  EWING 
ORVILLE  EWING 
R  P  SHELTON 
D  W  HUGHES 
S  C  PYOTT 
H  F  ROGERS 
W  BSWANEY 
L J  SHARP 
R  M  TANKESLEY 
I  H  WARNER 
H  C  JACKSON 
M  BLOCK 
J  C  GUILD 

GARNETT  ANDREWS 

A  M  JOHNSON 

A  WPAI.MER 

E  1  RciBKRTS 

C  R  GA-sKILL 

JNo  S  -MARTIN 

J  A  BL ANTON 

DR  W  B  WELLS 

GEO  T  FRY 

FRANK  H  CALDWELL 

DR  L  H  WILSON 
W  H  EAGER 
J  M  ROBERTSON 
W  B  FORD 


TENNESSEE, 

JUDGE W  L  EAKIN 

REV  I  P  .McFERRIN 

EDWARD  SCOTT 

HON  W  -M  BRADFORD 
D  GM  WHITESIDE 

HON  D  C  TREWHITT 

R  M  BARTON 

REV  T  H  -McCALLIE 
G  L  GILLESPIE.  SR    S  W  DIVINE 
W  R  HALL  DR  B  P  KEY 

C  E JAMES  M  M   HOPE 

THOMAS  WEBSTER  L  .M  CLARK 
TCLATITMORE         LEEROSENAU 


D J  DUFFY 

-A  W  JUDD 
A  iM  HYER 


W  B  MITCHELL 
J  W  KELLY 
S  D  WEBSTER 
J  L   DIVINE 
J  A  CALDWELL 
J  L  McCOLLUM 
W  C  PAYNE 
EF  SEVIER 
A  S  GLOVER 
VAULX  GIBBS 


F  W  STO-NE 
S  R  READ 
FRANK  SEVIER 
I  P  SMARTT 
W  G  M  THO.MAS 
J  T  THO.MASSON 
R  L  WATKINS 
FATHER  WALSH 
ED  KOHN 
F  DeTAVENIER 


REV  J  W  BACHMAN 

M  J  O-BRIEN 

HON  D  L  SNODGRASS 

AZARIAH  SHELTON 

HON  J  B  COOKE 

C  F  BATES 

HON  H  WHITESIDE 

J  B  FRAZIER 

M  M    HENDERSON 
JUDGES  KEY 
I  U  LEE 
"STACY  LORD 
G  W  MARTIN 
C  S  PEAK 
H  H  E.MBRY 
T  A  SNOW 
M  H  CLIFT 
S  J  A    FRAZIER 
T  M    McCONNELL 
J  G  RAWI.INGS 
C  .MARCHBANKS 
B  T  HOWARD 


GEORGE.A. 


J  C  ANDERSON 
VV  W  JACKSON 
C  P  ROBERTSON 
W  O  PEEPLES 
GORDON  LEE 
FRANK  A  HERVEY 
W  P  McCL-\TCHEY 
E  M   DODSON 
J  B  POUND 


J   E  V.vnVALKENBERG 


I  T  BURFORD 
"L  E  HOWELL 
J  -M  STONE 

I  E  WADLEY" 

"R  J  WILLINGHAM 

A  R  THO.MAS 

I  L  PRICE 
B  L  GOULDING 
W  W  PALMER 


AI..^tl.\MA. 


L  KI.MBALL 
IC  .MANSFIELD 
J  B  NICHOLSON 
L  WVATT 


W  E  LOVE 

NAP   LODOR 

A  P  VANDEVEER 

G  W  DAVENPORT 


MISSOIKI. 

WALTER  ALLIN 

FLOKID.\. 

H  VEAGER  T  S  YEAGER 


T  A  FRIERSON 

W  G  McADOO 

W  P  SILVA 

W  I  WILLI.NGHAM 

G  C  CO.N.NOR 

C  C  ANDERSON 

JAMES  M  SUTTON 

L  L  FISCHER 

I  D  HUFF 


G  G  LILLY 

DR  H  11  MILTON 

P  A  BRANDON 


A   JOHNSON 


36 


FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 


KENTUCKY, 


C  B  BULLOCK 
A  W  GAINES 
C  W  NORWOOD 

ROBERT  HIBBLER 

ED  WATKINS 

D  C  McMlLLlN  JR 


A  DeVALCOURT 
M  S  MACON 
GEO  W  PATTEN 


DR  G  A  BAXTER 


E  R  BETTERTON 
T J  DEMENT 
GS  TRIGG 
R  H  WOODWARD 
J  E  REEVES 

THOSC VEALE 
DR  J  B  BOGART 

L  T  DICKINSON 
AMBROSE  WAGNER 

I  E  MacGOWAN 

\V  H  HART 

J  H  MESSICK 

H  S  CHAMBERLAIN 

C  V  BROWN 

REV  J  J  MANKER 

HON  H  C  EVANS 
C  H  DYER 


I W  EVANS 

M  A  WOODBURN 


I  BMERRIAM 
F  B  FROST 


SAMUEL  A  BLAIR     J  R  DOWNES 
G  A  HOLLAND  JAFAIKLKIGH 


SlI'I'l. 

1.  S  STANTON 
T  D YOUNG 


I  W  BERRY 
"J  A  WARDER 
J  T  JAMISON 

C  A  LVERLV 
J  1  JORDAN 
PROF  LATHAM 


LOUISIANA. 

W  T  NORMENT  H  H  HEDDER 

J  P  EGGLESTON  C  P  RICHARDSON 

H  N  MARTIN 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

A  J  (lAHAGAN  H   BOND 

VIRGINIA. 

FILMORE  GIBSON  DR  G  W  DRAKE 

HON  J  A  MOON  N  C  FORD 

JAS  S  ONEAL  J  F  WRIGHT 

I,  .M  COLEMAN  J  N  TRIGG 
JNO  H  PEEBLE.S 

StHTH  CAROLINA. 

H  R  BANKS  AWCHAMBLISS 

MARYLAND. 

JOHN  CGRIFFISS      PABRAWNER 
JAS  McNABB  F  S  PATTERSON 


JAS  W  HARRIS 
N  W  CAROTHERS 


J  P  RICHARDSON 
HENRV  DeNEGRE 


E  E  RICHARDSON 


J  D  HANCOCK 
D  L  SUBLETT 
J  W  THORNTON 
J  M  GOAD 


JNOS   HUNNICUTT 


SOL  SIMPSON 


OHIO. 

ADOLPHSOCHS         REV  W  J  TRIMBLE    J  H  VanDEMAN 

~ "  A  G  SHARP 

HON  J  A  HART 
DJ  C/' 
T  L  K 


T  G   MONTAGUE 
J  W  ADAMS 
XEN  WHEELER 
M  F  PENFIELD 


T  H  PAYNE 
G  M  l>  HEARD 
W  K  HURION 
C  H  HENSEL 


CONNELL 
ENNEDV 


WISCONSIN. 

W  J  COLBURN 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

C  H  PEABODY 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


J  M  DUNCAN 
C  B  FINLEY 


J  R  RYAN 


FJ  BENNETT 
J  BNICKLIN 

NEW    YORK. 

DR  W  W  FRENCH 


J   F  LOOM  IS 


f S  PEMBERTON 
E  G  RICHMOND 


C.  W.  BIESE, 

Gen.  J 
C.  H.  COOLIDGE, 
C.  D.  MITCHELL, 
M.  GRANT,        C.  F.  MU 


ILLINOIS. 

H.  F.  TEMPLE, 

INDIANA. 

,  r.  WILDER, 

MAINE. 

D.  J.  CHANDLER, 

IOWA. 

H.T.  OLMSTEAD,  W.S.MARSHALL, 

MICHIGAN. 

LI.EU.  H.  .M.  WILTSE,  E.  S.  NIXON 


S.  P.  SKINNER. 
W.  S.  O'ROURKE. 

J.  H.  CLANCEY. 

H.  B.  HILLIS. 

H.  W.  GRANT. 


/r 


LEE  AT  THE  BATTLE  OF  THE  WILDERNESS. 

The  Artist  describes  the  moment,  on  May  12, 1864,  when  Johnston's  Division  had  been  surronnded  and  captured 
and  General  Lee  had  ridden  to  the  front  to  lead  the  charge  that  was  to  save  the  city  of  Richmond.  Lifting  his  hat 
Lee  was  about  to  give  the  command  when  General  Gordon  rushed  to  his  side,  exclaiming; 

"  To  the  rear,  General:    the  safety  of  the   Army  demands  it!    These  are  Virginians  and  they  never  failtl 
FOBWABDIIl" 
\  ^    As  the  command  of  the  gallant  Georgian  rang  ont  the  line  sprang  forward  to  the  charge,  and  two  Btalwa|^  ■ 
Z  JtS^^^  seiaing  the  reins  of  old  "  Traveller  "  forced  the  Commander  they  adored  to  go  to  the  rear.  ^te* 


